Road signs in Russia are governed by the traffic rules approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1090 of 23 October 1993 “On the Rules of the Road”, Appendix 1 “Road Signs”.[1] They are regulated by the ГОСТ Р 52289-2019[2] and ГОСТ Р 52290-2004[3] standards determining the rules for the use and production of road signs. The vast majority of road signs used in Russia were in the preceding Soviet standard ГОСТ 10807-78,[4][5] which was introduced in the Soviet Union on 1 January 1980 before its dissolution in 1991 and is no longer valid in Russia since 1 January 2006 after it was replaced by the modern standard ГОСТ Р 52290-2004 for road signs.[6] Road signs generally conform to the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals. Similar road signs are also used in other post-Soviet states.
The state importance roads have different indexes, each stand for the respective letter of Cyrillic.[7]
Index
Examples
Russian meaning
Meaning
M
M 1
Москва
The М index indicates roads connecting the capital city Moscow with other major cities of Russia
P
R 22
Регион
The Р index indicates roads connecting cities between regions, but do not connect with Moscow
А
A 183
–
The А index indicates roads leading to a major transport hub, railway, sea, river aviation, to a road border crossing. The А index also denotes roads connecting two federal highways
E
E95
Европейский
The E index indicates European routes passing through Russia
AH
AH6
–
The AH index indicates Asian routes passing through Russia[8]
The official typeface of road signs in Russia is specified in the ГОСТ Р 52290-2004 standard, formerly the ГОСТ 10807-78 Soviet standard. However, Arial is often used on road signs instead of one specified in the ГОСТ Р 52290-2004.
According to the ГОСТ Р 52290-2004 standard, modern road signs in Russia are divided into 8 categories:
#
Category name
Category name (in Russian)
1
Warning signs
Предупреждающие знаки
2
Priority signs
Знаки приоритета
3
Prohibitory signs
Запрещающие знаки
4
Mandatory signs
Предписывающие знаки
5
Special regulations signs
Знаки особых предписаний
6
Information signs
Информационные знаки
7
Service signs
Знаки сервиса
8
Additional signs (plates)
Знаки дополнительной информации (таблички)
^"Постановление Правительства РФ от 23.10.1993 N 1090 "О Правилах дорожного движения" (ПДД) (последняя редакция) (вместе с "Основными положениями по допуску транспортных средств к эксплуатации и обязанности должностных лиц по обеспечению безопасности \ КонсультантПлюс". www.consultant.ru. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
^"ГОСТ Р 52289-2004 Технические средства организации дорожного движения. Правила применения дорожных знаков, разметки, светофоров, дорожных ограждений и направляющих устройств" (PDF). joldo.kg (in Russian).
^"Скачать ГОСТ Р 52290-2004 Технические средства организации дорожного движения. Знаки дорожные. Общие технические требования". meganorm.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 25 March 2023.
^"Межгосударственный стандарт ГОСТ 10807-78 "Знаки дорожные. Общие технические условия" (утв. постановлением Госстандарта СССР 30.08.1978 N 2401) (с изменениями и дополнениями) (не действует) | ГАРАНТ". base.garant.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 20 March 2023.
^"Скачать ГОСТ 10807-78 Знаки дорожные. Общие технические условия". meganorm.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 25 March 2023.
^"Дорожные знаки по ГОСТу Р 52290-2004 (от 14.12.2005)". www.sevdorstroy.ru (in Russian). 14 December 2005. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
^Макров, Антон (13 July 2021). "Что обозначают буквы в названии автомобильных трасс". CAR.RU (in Russian). Retrieved 4 August 2023.
^"МЕЖПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВЕННОЕ СОГЛАШЕНИЕ ПО СЕТИ АЗИАТСКИХ АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫХ ДОРОГ" (PDF). United Nations (in Russian). 6 January 2024. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
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Global Information
M 1
R 22
A 183
E95
AH6