The Ringold Formation is a geologic formation in Eastern Washington, United States. The formation consists of sediment laid down by the Columbia River following the flood basalt eruptions of the Columbia River Basalt Group, and reaches up to 1,000 feet (300 m) thick in places.[6][2] It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.[7]
Exposures of the Ringold Formation can be found from Hanford Reach National Monument north to the Moses Lake area.[5] Large portions of the formation are buried by other sediment deposits, extending as far as Wallula Gap southeast of Kennewick.[8] In recent years, irrigation water entering the groundwater system has destabilized some Ringold Formation slopes and cliffs, causing landslides.[9] The formation was named in 1917 for a school of the same name that existed at the time. Ringold School was located on the Franklin County side of the Columbia River to the south of Savage Island.[4][10]
^Michael Oard; John Hergenrather; Peter Klevberg (2006). "Flood transported quartzites: Part 2—west of the Rocky Mountains". Journal of Creation. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
^ ab"Palentology - Hanford Reach". United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
^David Hagen. "White Bluffs South". Washington Trails Association. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
^ abJohn C. Merriam; John P. Buwalda (1917). Age of strata referred to the Ellensburgh formation in the White Bluffs of the Columbia River. University of California.
^ abJ. ERIC SCHUSTER; CHARLES W. GULICK; STEPHEN P. REIDEL; KARL R. FECHT; STEPHANIE ZURENKO (1997). "Geologic Map of Washington - Southeast Quadrant" (PDF). Washington State Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
^"Columbia River". United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 2019-12-19.
^Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database". Retrieved 17 December 2021.
^Cite error: The named reference MinesandGeology was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Reach was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^C.P. McKinley (1922). Hanford Quadrangle (Map). 1:62,500. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2019-12-20.
The RingoldFormation is a geologic formation in Eastern Washington, United States. The formation consists of sediment laid down by the Columbia River...
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originated even earlier. The Pliocene (Blancan) fossil record in the RingoldFormation of Adams County, Washington has yielded fossils from a number of colubrids...
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sediments of the RingoldFormation, or Pleistocene glacial outburst flood sediments that are known informally as the Hanford formation. At its thickest...
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Mexico to Texas. Specimens were also found as far south as the Cuscatlán Formation of El Salvador. Wang, Xiaoming; Richard Tedford; Beryl Taylor (1999-11-17)...
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significant numbers of spawning fall chinook salmon Locke Island RingoldFormation Savage Island "Earth-3D.com: Coyote Rapids - Washington, United States"...
Columbia River Basalt Group. Much of this is eroded remains of the RingoldFormation, which was placed by the Columbia River between 9 and 3 million years...
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doi:10.1002/9780470166437.ch1. ISBN 9780470166437. Dauben, H. J. Jr.; Ringold, H. J.; Wade, R. H.; Pearson, D. L.; Anderson, A. G. Jr.; de Boer, T. J...
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