The right to public participation is a human right enshrined by some international and national legal systems that protects public participation in certain decision making processes. Article 21 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states the right of every person to participate in the affairs of his country, either directly or by selecting representatives.[1] Likewise, the right to political participation means the right under which the ruling authority is committed to providing rights to citizens, including the right to nominate and elect representatives, to hold public office in accordance with the principle of equal opportunities, to participate in private and public meetings, and the right to form and join political parties.[2][3] Articles 20 and 27 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights make a similar declaration about the right to participate in the management of public affairs.[4]
In some jurisdictions, the right to public participation is enshrined by law. The right to public participation may also be conceived of as human right, or as manifestation of the right to freedom of association and freedom of assembly. As such the Netherlands, Germany, Denmark and Sweden, have public participation and freedom of information provisions in their legal systems since before the Middle Ages.[5] Democracy and public participation are closely connected democratic societies have incorporated public participation rights into their laws for centuries. For example, in the US the right to petition has been part of the First Amendment of the US constitution since 1791.[5] More recently, since the 1970s in New Zealand numerous laws (e.g.: health, local government, environmental management) require government officials to "consult" those affected by a matter and take their views into consideration when making decisions.
Effective public participation depends on the public having accessing to accurate and comprehensive information. Hence laws regarding public participation often deal with the issue of the right to know, access of information and freedom of information.[5] The right to participation may also be advanced in the context of equality and group rights, meant to ensure equal and full participation of a designated group in society. For example, in the context of disabled people.
^"What is Public Participation?". EUKN.
^US EPA, OITA (February 24, 2014). "Public Participation Guide: Introduction to Public Participation". US EPA.
^Fluker, Shaun (June 30, 2015). "The Right to Public Participation in Resources and Environmental Decision-Making in Alberta". Alberta Law Review. 52 (3): 567. doi:10.29173/alr24.
^"مفوضية الأمم المتحدة السامية لحقوق الإنسان | العهد الدولي الخاص بالحقوق الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية". www.ohchr.org.
rightto be involved in the decision-making process. Publicparticipation implies that the public's contribution will influence the decision. Public participation...
The righttopublicparticipation is a human right enshrined by some international and national legal systems that protects publicparticipation in certain...
lawsuits against publicparticipation (also known as SLAPP suits or intimidation lawsuits), or strategic litigation against publicparticipation, are lawsuits...
The rightto keep and bear arms (often referred to as the rightto bear arms) is a legal right for people to possess weapons (arms) for the preservation...
right to public participation, equality, human dignity, and access to information are amongst the cross cutting rights linked with rightto adequate housing...
The rightto health is the economic, social, and cultural rightto a universal minimum standard of health to which all individuals are entitled.[citation...
which to argue for its protection". Leslie Regan Shade argues that the human rightto privacy is necessary for meaningful democratic participation, and...
such as "the rightto take part in cultural life" or "the rightto cultural participation" or "the rightto culture," and "the rightto benefit from scientific...
in equitable participation and improve internet adoption by marginalized groups. Digital censorship and algorithmic bias are observed to be present in...
Civic engagement or civic participation is any individual or group activity addressing issues of public concern. Civic engagement includes communities...
they can move up the hierarchy to bring complaints to the next higher level. Strategic lawsuit against publicparticipation We the People (petitioning system)...
The rightto Internet access, also known as the rightto broadband or freedom to connect, is the view that all people must be able to access the Internet...
accused, including the rightto a fair trial; due process; the rightto seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and...
The rightto education has been recognized as a human right in a number of international conventions, including the International Covenant on Economic...
The UNECE Convention on Access to Information, PublicParticipation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters, usually known as...
what they receive through public welfare. Wages below a livable wage are likely to result in lower labor market participation in the above-stated scenario...
Access topublic information and freedom of information (FOI) refer to the rightto access information held by public bodies also known as "rightto know"...
Participation bias or non-response bias is a phenomenon in which the results of elections, studies, polls, etc. become non-representative because the...
democratic publicparticipation." This is how this ladder of participation breaks down: Manipulation:At this lowest level of the ladder, participation generally...
to vote, rightto assembly, etc. Inclusiveness describes what portion of the population is able to enjoy these rights and procedures. Participation inequality...
members of the public work together with researchers and influence what is researched and how. Involvement is not the same as participation which means taking...
The Rightto the City can encompass a variety of demands, including demands for government subsidized housing, access topublic space, participation in...