Chronic subcortical electrode implant in a laboratory rat used to deliver electrical stimulation to the brain.
Remote control animals are animals that are controlled remotely by humans. Some applications require electrodes to be implanted in the animal's nervous system connected to a receiver which is usually carried on the animal's back. The animals are controlled by the use of radio signals. The electrodes do not move the animal directly, as if controlling a robot; rather, they signal a direction or action desired by the human operator and then stimulate the animal's reward centres if the animal complies. These are sometimes called bio-robots or robo-animals. They can be considered to be cyborgs as they combine electronic devices with an organic life form and hence are sometimes also called cyborg-animals or cyborg-insects.
Because of the surgery required, and the moral and ethical issues involved, there has been criticism aimed at the use of remote control animals, especially regarding animal welfare and animal rights, especially when relatively intelligent complex animals are used. Non-invasive applications may include stimulation of the brain with ultrasound to control the animal. Some applications (used primarily for dogs) use vibrations or sound to control the movements of the animals.
Several species of animals have been successfully controlled remotely. These include
moths,[1][2] beetles,[3] cockroaches,[4][5][6] rats,[7] dogfish sharks,[8] mice[9] and pigeons.[9]
Remote control animals can be directed and used as working animals for search and rescue operations, covert reconnaissance, data-gathering in hazardous areas, or various other uses.
^"Nerve probe controls cyborg moth in flight". New Scientist. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
^Tsang, W.M.; Stone, Alice L.; Otten, David; Aldworth, Zane N.; Daniel, Tom L.; Hildebrand, John G.; Levine, Richard B.; Voldman, Joel (March 2012). "Insect-machine interface: A carbon nanotube-enhanced flexible neural probe". Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 204 (2): 355–365. doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2011.11.026. PMID 22155384. S2CID 7775080.
^Callaway, Ewan (1 October 2009). "Free-flying cyborg insects steered from a distance". New Scientist. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
^"Row over US mobile phone 'cockroach backpack' app". BBC News. 9 November 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
^Cite error: The named reference AP 10-01-97 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference 10.1038/s41528-022-00207-2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Harder, Ben (1 May 2002). "Scientists "Drive" rats by remote control". National Geographic. Archived from the original on 9 June 2002. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
^Hatch, Cory (2005). "Sharks: Ocean spies of the future?". triplepoint. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
^ ab"Chinese scientists experiment with remote control of animals". People. 27 February 2007. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
and 25 Related for: Remote control animal information
Remotecontrolanimals are animals that are controlled remotely by humans. Some applications require electrodes to be implanted in the animal's nervous...
hundreds of medical papers on his work. Systems science portal Animals portal Remotecontrolanimal Whitehouse, David (May 1, 2002). "Here come the ratbots"...
can either be under telerobotic control—remotecontrolled or remote guided vehicles—or they can be autonomously controlled—autonomous vehicles—which are...
Petition Preclinical imaging Remotecontrolanimal Sentinel species Sham feeding U.S. Meat Animal Research Center Women and animal advocacy Wuzhishan pig ""Introduction"...
third generation contained an infrared transmitter and could be controlled by a remote pad. For the last generation, Topo4 was featured by a text-to-speech...
may have varying levels of autonomy from human input, such as remotecontrol, or remote guidance. They may also be autonomous, in which they have a pre-programmed...
humans and animals. Telepresence robots: It allows off-site medical professionals to move, look around, communicate, and participate from remote locations...
observe the environment, and autonomously controls its behavior or uses a remote human operator to control the vehicle via teleoperation. The UGV is the...
classified as a Remotely controlled underwater vehicle (ROUV) because of its 32-bit Motorola processor which allowed for the remotecontrol it featured. This...
Military robots are autonomous robots or remote-controlled mobile robots designed for military applications, from transport to search & rescue and attack...
umbilicals, and component replacement. This meaning is different from remotecontrol vehicles operating on land or in the air.[clarification needed] ROVs...
appendages. The mechanism of the microrobots' movements is often inspired by animals such as insects, reptiles, and small mammals. An example of a crawling...
underwater vehicles (ROVs) – controlled and powered from the surface by an operator/pilot via an umbilical or using remotecontrol. In military applications...
except possibly for the landing where a person intervenes using radio remotecontrol. Some drones are capable of safe, automatic landings, however. SpaceX...
without a crew. USVs operate with various levels of autonomy, from remotecontrol to fully autonomous surface vehicles (ASV). The regulatory environment...
their lives—with their wives and friends, with their children. War by remotecontrol turns out to be intimate and disturbing. Pilots are sometimes shaken...
increased complexity and power consumption. Legged robots often imitate legged animals, such as humans or insects, in an example of biomimicry. Legged robots...
authors list (link) Wiener, Norbert (1948). Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine. United States: Massachusetts Institute...
movements. An autonomous robot is a robot that acts without recourse to human control. The first autonomous robots environment were known as Elmer and Elsie...
locomotion Autonomous robot Autonomous logistics Radio-controlled model Remotecontrol vehicle Remotecontrolanimal Categories Radio control Unmanned vehicles...
geographic and meteorological conditions. The Interspect UAS B 3.1 is a remote sensing platform for 3D photogrammetric purposes. The Interspect UAS B 1...
Global Information