Global InformationRedut information
| Redut | |
|---|---|
| ЧВК «Редут» | |
 Logo of the PMC Redut | |
| Founders |
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| Leaders |
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| Dates of operation | 2008–present |
| Allegiance | Ministry of Defence (Russia) (2022-present)[6][7] |
| Headquarters | Kubinka, Russia |
| Size |
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| Battles and wars |
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| Designated as a terrorist group by |  Ukraine[12][13] |
| Website | http://redut-czentr.narod.ru/ |
Redut (Russian: ЧВК «Редут», romanized: ChVK «Redut»), also known as Redoubt, Redut-Antiterror or Centre R, formerly known as "Shield",[14][15] is a Russian Private Military Company (PMC) that is a part of the "Antiterror-family" — which consists of similarly named PMCs that protect commercial operations of Russian companies.[16][17] It is currently deployed by Russia in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[18][19][20][21][22] According to an RFE/RL investigation, "Redut" is fully controlled and managed by GRU.[23]
It was established in 2008, as a merger of several minor veteran groupings of the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service, Russian Air Force and units of the Russian Ministry of Defence (MoD), who had obtained combat experience in military and peacekeeping missions.[6]
Members of the group have been convicted of committing war crimes during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
- ^ a b c d "Жаба и Минобороны. Как поссорились Евгений Викторович с Сергеем Кужугетовичем". The Insider (in Russian). 15 May 2023. Archived from the original on 21 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- ^ a b Osechkin, Vladimir (3 January 2023). "Слив \\\"Редута\\\": откровения Сергея \\\"Салех\\\" Саливанова о связи ЧВК, ВДВ и др". Gulagu.net (in Russian). Archived from the original on 12 July 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ Osechkin, Vladimir (28 December 2022). "Инсайд из ЧВК Редут в составе 45 ОБр СпН МинОбороны и роли Дерипаски". Gulagu.net. Archived from the original on 20 June 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ a b "Расследование "Медузы" о наемниках на войне в Украине". Meduza (in Russian). Archived from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
- ^ "Данные о погибших в Украине: еще 28 военных с Юга России и Северного Кавказа". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (in Russian). 22 February 2023. Archived from the original on 22 February 2023. Retrieved 17 July 2023.
- ^ a b "Russian Use of Private Military and Security Companies-the implications for European and Norwegian Security FFI-RAPPORT". ResearchGate. Archived from the original on 30 October 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
favorwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "В Сирии убиты трое наемников из российской ЧВК "Щит". Она занимается охраной объектов, принадлежащих Геннадию Тимченко". Meduza (in Russian). Archived from the original on 3 December 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
- ^ "Без "Щита"". Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). 8 October 2017. Archived from the original on 30 January 2023. Retrieved 3 December 2022.
- ^ "Vladimir Osechkin about PMC Wagner and PMC Redut". The Odessa Journal. 28 October 2022. Archived from the original on 20 February 2023. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
- ^ Miller, Christopher; Seddon, Max; Ivanova, Polina (2 June 2023). "'Stream' and 'Torch': the Gazprom-backed militias fighting in Ukraine". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ "Ukraine's Parliament Recognizes Wagner as Transnational Criminal Organization". Kyiv Post. 6 February 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2023.
- ^ "Проект Постанови про Звернення Верховної Ради України до Організації Об'єднаних Націй, Європейського Парламенту, Парламентської Асамблеї Ради Європи, Парламентської Асамблеї ОБСЄ, Парламентської Асамблеї НАТО, Парламентської Асамблеї ОЧЕС, урядів і парламентів держав світу про визнання російських приватних військових компаній терористичними організаціями" [Draft Resolution on Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine's Address to the United Nations, European Parliament, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, OSCE Parliamentary Assembly, NATO Parliamentary Assembly, BSEC Parliamentary Assembly, and governments and parliaments of the countries of the world on recognition of Russian private military companies as terrorist organisations]. Verkhovna Rada (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 25 May 2023.
- ^ "Пехота пуще неволи". Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). 10 August 2022. Archived from the original on 14 August 2022. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
- ^ "Зона поражения". Novaya Gazeta (in Russian). 10 November 2022. Archived from the original on 20 June 2023. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
- ^ "РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ "ВЕТЕРАНОВ МИРОТВОРЧЕСКИХ МИССИЙ И ЛОКАЛЬНЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ"". Registry for the Association of Veterans of Peacekeeping and Local Conflict Missions (Zachestnyibiznes). Archived from the original on 8 July 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ Osechkin, Vladimir (5 January 2023). "О тайнах руководства ЧВК Редут и ЧВК Вагнер, связи с ВДВ и ФСБ, олигархах…". Gulagu.net (in Russian). Archived from the original on 20 June 2023. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
- ^ "Tracing Wagner's Roots". New America. Archived from the original on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ "Private Military Company Redut". OpenSanctions. 13 December 2019. Archived from the original on 27 April 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ "Long sentences passed on 'Redut' mercenaries fighting Russia's war against Ukraine with Finnish citizen's funding". Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ "The Emergence of Russian Private Military Companies: A New Tool of Clandestine Warfare" (PDF). Norwegian Defence Research Establishment. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
rferl_2023-10-10was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Schemes and Systema Read in Ukrainian Read in Russian. "Inside Russia's Fake Private Mercenary Company Fighting In Ukraine". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 8 December 2023.