Great Lakes: Ontario, SW Michigan, W Ohio, Northern Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Ohio and Wisconsin.
Period
Formative stage
Dates
1000 BCE to 400 BCE
Type site
Morton Site, Fulton County, Illinois
Major sites
Moccasin Bluff-A site, Berrien County, Michigan, Killarney Bay Mound, Manitoulin, Oak Grove Site, Lake County, Indiana, Sny-Magill Mound 43, Clayton County, Iowa
Preceded by
Hopewell tradition
Followed by
Goodall focus
Defined by
Layers of red ocher in burial mounds
The Red Ocher people were an indigenous people of North America. A series of archaeological sites located in the Upper Great Lakes, the Greater Illinois River Valley, and the Ohio River Valley in the American Midwest have been discovered to be a Red Ocher burial complex, dating from 1000 BC to 400 BC, the Terminal Archaic – Early Woodland period. Characterized as shallow burials located in sandy ridges along river valleys, covered in red ochre or hydrated iron oxide (FeH3O), they contain diagnostic artifacts that include caches of flint points, turkey-tails, and various forms of worked copper. Turkey-tails are large flint blades of a distinct type. It is believed that Red Ocher people spoke an ancestral form of the Algonquian languages.
Red ochre has a long history of use in North America; as early as the Folsom tradition during the Paleo-Indian period, certain localities in New Mexico and Wyoming were being mined for the substance.[1] The people today known as Red Ocher were first identified by the University of Chicago in 1937.
During the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Red Ocher Culture was a topic of great interest among archaeologists who were trying to better define the burial culture through various methods of research. Since then, intermittent archaeological works have been published dealing with specific sub-topics within the burial culture and supported by more reliable AMS carbon dates. Nevertheless, many important archaeological questions regarding the Red Ocher burial manifestation and cultural phenomenon are still without answers.
^Tankersley, Kenneth B., et al. "They Have a Rock That Bleeds: Sunrise Red Ochre and Its Early Paleoindian Occurrence at the Hell Gap Site". Plains Anthropologist 40.152 (1995): 185-194: 187.
The RedOcherpeople were an indigenous people of North America. A series of archaeological sites located in the Upper Great Lakes, the Greater Illinois...
Ancient Greek ὤχρα (ṓkhra), from ὠχρός (ōkhrós) 'pale'), iron ochre, or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric...
was that the Red Paint People had been killed by tsunamis caused by coastal subsidence. This is no longer believed [why?]. RedOcherpeople "Nova: Secrets...
usable for rough dating. Simultaneous with the Glacial Kame people, the RedOcherpeople and the Old Copper Culture. Like the Glacial Kame culture, these...
England and Atlantic Canada. The site is also similar to the RedOcherpeople indigenous people who made burials in sandy ridges. 18 acres (7.3 ha) of High...
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Stringtown/Satchel phase, Satchel phase, and Lamoka/Dustin phase. The RedOcherpeople and Glacial Kame culture evolved together resulting in the following...
The distal edges of the greater secondary coverts are vivid ocher. Like the related red junglefowl, the breast and ventral regions are a dense, light-absorbing...
Tumat people "Dyirikinei" or "chipmunk people" (Yakut: Sдьирикинэй), arising from the Tumatian "tail-coat." Bundles of deer fur were dyed with redocher and...
spectrum. The earliest pigments used by Neolithic man were charcoal, redocher and yellow ocher. The black lines of cave art were drawn with the tips of burnt...
settlements, pottery was more often hand-coiled, scraped, and polished, with red to brown coloring. Certain tall cylinders were likely ceremonial vessels...
he limited his palette to two colors, a light ocher for the concrete and his signature Cherokee red for the steel. The stone walls (made of stone from...
needed] In 2013, in the documentary series Durch die Nacht mit ..., Mariya Ocher took Grey to nightlife venues in Hamburg where Grey ignored the "women prohibited"...
needed to signal 'No' by constructing themselves as inviolable using redocher pigments. To assert ritual power, they needed to go periodically on 'sex...
lemon and grape juice to make colors for her "landscapes" and used ground ocher, grass, flour paste, slacked lime, and sawdust. At age 12, she left home...
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kə-LOO-sə) were a Native American people of Florida's southwest coast. Calusa society developed from that of archaic peoples of the Everglades region. Previous...
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