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Real element information


In group theory, a discipline within modern algebra, an element of a group is called a real element of if it belongs to the same conjugacy class as its inverse , that is, if there is a in with , where is defined as .[1] An element of a group is called strongly real if there is an involution with .[2]

An element of a group is real if and only if for all representations of , the trace of the corresponding matrix is a real number. In other words, an element of a group is real if and only if is a real number for all characters of .[3]

A group with every element real is called an ambivalent group. Every ambivalent group has a real character table. The symmetric group of any degree is ambivalent.

  1. ^ Rose (2012), p. 111.
  2. ^ Rose (2012), p. 112.
  3. ^ Isaacs (1994), p. 31.

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