For centrifugal force more generally, including other concepts of it and its history, see Centrifugal force.
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In classical mechanics, a reactive centrifugal force forms part of an action–reaction pair with a centripetal force.
In accordance with Newton's first law of motion, an object moves in a straight line in the absence of a net force acting on the object. A curved path ensues when a force that is orthogonal to the object's motion acts on it; this force is often called a centripetal force, as it is directed toward the center of curvature of the path. Then in accordance with Newton's third law of motion, there will also be an equal and opposite force exerted by the object on some other object,[1][2] and this reaction force is sometimes called a reactive centrifugal force, as it is directed in the opposite direction of the centripetal force.
In the case of a ball held in circular motion by a string, the centripetal force is the force exerted by the string on the ball. The reactive centrifugal force on the other hand is the force the ball exerts on the string, placing it under tension.
Unlike the inertial force known as centrifugal force, which exists only in the rotating frame of reference, the reactive force is a real Newtonian force that is observed in any reference frame. The two forces will only have the same magnitude in the special cases where circular motion arises and where the axis of rotation is the origin of the rotating frame of reference.[3][4][5][6]
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Roche, John (2001). "Introducing motion in a circle". Physics Education. 36 (5): 399–405. Bibcode:2001PhyEd..36..399R. doi:10.1088/0031-9120/36/5/305. S2CID 250827660.
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Kobayashi, Yukio (2008). "Remarks on viewing situation in a rotating frame". European Journal of Physics. 29 (3): 599–606. Bibcode:2008EJPh...29..599K. doi:10.1088/0143-0807/29/3/019. S2CID 120947179.
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Delo E. Mook & Thomas Vargish (1987). Inside relativity. Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 47. ISBN 0-691-02520-7.
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J. S. Brar and R. K. Bansal (2004). A Text Book of Theory of Machines (3rd ed.). Firewall Media. p. 39. ISBN 9788170084181.
^
De Volson Wood (1884). The elements of analytical mechanics: solids and fluids (4th ed.). J. Wiley & sons. p. 310.
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G. David Scott (1957). "Centrifugal Forces and Newton's Laws of Motion". Vol. 25. American Journal of Physics. p. 325. doi:10.1119/1.1934450.
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