Raymond Chandler (1888–1959) was an American-British novelist and screenwriter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois and lived in the US until he was seven, when his parents separated and his Anglo-Irish mother brought him to live near London; he was educated at Dulwich College from 1900.[1][2] After working briefly for the British Civil Service, he became a part-time teacher at Dulwich, supplementing his income as a journalist and writer—mostly for The Westminster Gazette and The Academy.[2] His output—consisting largely of poems and essays—was not to his taste, and his biographer Paul Bishop considers the work as "lifeless", while Contemporary Authors describes it as "lofty in subject and mawkish in tone".[3] Chandler returned to the US in 1912 where he trained to become an accountant in Los Angeles.[4] In 1917 he enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force, saw combat in the trenches in France where he was wounded, and was undergoing flight training in the fledgling Royal Air Force when the war ended.[5]
Chandler returned to the US in 1919 to rekindle his literary career, but instead took a job with an oil company until he was fired in 1932 following a bout of depression, womanizing and heavy drinking.[2] He began writing crime stories for the pulp magazines Black Mask, Detective Fiction Weekly, The Fortnightly Intruder and Dime Detective.[1] Between 1933 and 1941, Chandler wrote 22 short stories. In the next 17 years he wrote only three more. In the mid 1940s, some of the first 22 began appearing in inexpensive paperback and hardcover collections published by Avon Books and World Publishing Co. In 1950, Houghton Mifflin published the hardcover collection The Simple Art of Murder, containing a dozen stories selected by Chandler and an essay on mystery stories. Eight stories that he had "cannibalized" (his term) while writing his novels were omitted at his request. After Chandler's death, these eight were published in Killer in the Rain (1964).[6] Selected stories from The Simple Art of Murder were subsequently published in additional paperback and hardcover editions.[7] In 1939, at the behest of the publisher Alfred A. Knopf, Sr., Chandler wrote his first novel, The Big Sleep, for which he used parts of his short stories "Killer in the Rain" (1935) and "The Curtain" (1936).[8][9] He went on to write seven novels, all of which featured the character Philip Marlowe.[3]
In 1944 Chandler was asked by Paramount Pictures to write the script for the film Double Indemnity with Billy Wilder; the film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.[10] It was the first of seven scripts Chandler wrote, although two of them were unused.[11] In 1959 Chandler died of pneumonia, brought on by alcoholism.[2] In the aftermath of his death, many of his unpublished writings—including letters, literary criticism and prose and poetry—were released. His biographer, Tom Williams, considers that Chandler's name has become "a touchstone for crime writing, representing not just excellent fiction, but also a type of writing that is at once powerful and beautiful."[12]
^ abMarling 2000.
^ abcdMcCarron 2004.
^ abCite error: The named reference Gage CA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Williams 2012, pp. 57–57.
^Williams 2012, pp. 67–68.
^Durham, Philip. "Introduction", Raymond Chandler, Killer in the Rain, Ballantine Books, New York, p. viii
^Macleod 1988, p. 6.
^Durham 1972, p. viii.
^Williams 2012, pp. 142–43.
^Macleod 1988, pp. 197–98.
^Bruccoli 1979, pp. 135–36.
^Williams 2012, p. 348.
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RaymondChandler (1888–1959) was an American-British novelist and screenwriter. He was born in Chicago, Illinois and lived in the US until he was seven...
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Philip Marlowe (/ˈmɑːrloʊ/) is a fictional character created by RaymondChandler who was characteristic of the hardboiled crime fiction genre. The genre...
Springs is the eighth Philip Marlowe novel. It was started in 1958 by RaymondChandler, who left it unfinished at his death in 1959. The four chapters he...
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pp. 268–70 Chandler 2002, p. 51 Chandler 1966, pp. 279–281 Zamoyski (2018), pp. 271–74 Chandler 1966, p. 292 Chandler 1966, p. 293 Chandler 1966, p. 296...
Philip Marlowe novel". Tom Williams' Blog: A blog by a biographer of RaymondChandler and literary agent. Archived from the original on 26 September 2013...
Pierce by James M. Cain 1946 The Big Sleep Screenplay The Big Sleep by RaymondChandler 1947 Stallion Road Uncredited, screenplay Stephen Longstreet's eponymous...
writer of his day, behind Dashiell Hammett, Erle Stanley Gardner and RaymondChandler.[citation needed] Woolrich was born in New York City. His parents separated...
Arlen, its plot was taken from the RaymondChandler novel Farewell, My Lovely, with the Falcon substituted for Chandler's archetypal private eye Philip Marlowe...
Alexander Gillespie Raymond Jr. (October 2, 1909 – September 6, 1956) was an American cartoonist and illustrator who was best known for creating the Flash...
brutal, noir, violent style of writing. Among his favorite authors are RaymondChandler, Hubert Selby, and Nelson Algren. Colony of Whores (2014) Empty Mile...
Granta, Issue No. 29, Winter "Introduction" (1977), The World of RaymondChandler. Miriam Gross, ed., Weidenfeld and Nicolson, United Kingdom: London...
Archived from the original on March 14, 2018. Retrieved March 13, 2018. Chandler, Mark (August 7, 2020). "Tina Turner writes 'guide to life' for HarperCollins"...
illustrations than what they were about. The Brer Rabbit stories of Joel Chandler Harris had been family favourites, and she later studied his Uncle Remus...
stories, which were notable for their intricate planning. Although RaymondChandler, Agatha Christie, and authors of the so-called golden age of detective...
China by Erick Wujcik (1995) ISBN 0-916211-77-0 The Little Sister by RaymondChandler (1997) Heroes Unlimited: Second Edition (1998) Captain America: Liberty's...
Cain, which was adapted for the screen (1944) by Billy Wilder and RaymondChandler. Later, Billy Wilder added to his filmed version (1974) of Ben Hecht’s...
The film is loosely inspired by the work of RaymondChandler. Joel Coen stated, "We wanted to do a Chandler kind of story – how it moves episodically,...
best thing to finding a new and unsuspected RaymondChandler phantasmagoria." In the crime fiction bibliography, Golden Gate Mysteries, Randal Brandt wrote:...