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Quebec law is unique in Canada because Quebec is the only province in Canada to have a juridical legal system under which civil matters are regulated by French-heritage civil law. Public law, criminal law and federal law operate according to Canadian common law.
The Édifice Ernest-Cormier is the courthouse for the Quebec Court of Appeal in Montreal
Quebec law is under the shared responsibility of the federal government and the provincial government. According to the Constitution of Canada, these two governments are each responsible for enacting law when it falls under their sphere of competence. As such, the federal government is responsible for criminal law, foreign affairs, commerce, interprovincial transportation, and telecommunications.[law 1] The provincial government is responsible for private law, the administration of justice and several social domains, such as social assistance, healthcare, education, and natural resources.[law 2]
The four classic sources of law, legislation, case law, doctrine and customary law, together make up Quebec law.[1] Legislation is the primary source, but because private law is mostly exercised under a civil tradition, case law is also a strong source.[2][3] The law is made up of the Constitution of Canada, the laws of the Quebec Legislature and the rules related to legislating.
English is not an official language in Quebec law.[4] However, both English and French are required by the Constitution Act, 1867 for the enactment of laws and regulations, and any person may use English or French in the National Assembly and the courts. The books and records of the National Assembly must also be kept in both languages.[5][6]
Cite error: There are <ref group=law> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=law}} template (see the help page).
^Kélada 1970, p. 21
^Brun, Tremblay & Brouillet 2008, p. 28
^Mayrand, Albert (1994). "L'autorité du précédent au Québec". Revue juridique Thémis. 28: 771–797.
^Office Québecois de la langue francaise (June 1, 2011). "Charter of the French language". Government of Quebec. Archived from the original on May 2, 2003. Retrieved July 14, 2011.
^Canadian Legal Information Institute. "Att. Gen. of Quebec v. Blaikie et al., 1979 CanLII 21 (S.C.C.)". Government of Canada. Archived from the original on April 9, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2007.
^Canadian Legal Information Institute. "A.G. (Quebec) v. Blaikie et al., [1981] 1 S.C.R. 312". Government of Canada. Archived from the original on April 9, 2013. Retrieved November 24, 2007.
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