In theoretical physics, quantum nonlocality refers to the phenomenon by which the measurement statistics of a multipartite quantum system do not allow an interpretation with local realism. Quantum nonlocality has been experimentally verified under a variety of physical assumptions.[1][2][3][4][5] Any physical theory that aims at superseding or replacing quantum theory should account for such experiments and therefore cannot fulfill local realism; quantum nonlocality is a property of the universe that is independent of our description of nature.
Quantum nonlocality does not allow for faster-than-light communication,[6] and hence is compatible with special relativity and its universal speed limit of objects. Thus, quantum theory is local in the strict sense defined by special relativity and, as such, the term "quantum nonlocality" is sometimes considered a misnomer.[citation needed] Still, it prompts many of the foundational discussions concerning quantum theory.[citation needed]
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^Rowe MA, et al. (February 2001). "Experimental violation of a Bell's Inequality with efficient detection". Nature. 409 (6822): 791–794. Bibcode:2001Natur.409..791R. doi:10.1038/35057215. hdl:2027.42/62731. PMID 11236986. S2CID 205014115.
^Hensen, B, et al. (October 2015). "Loophole-free Bell inequality violation using electron spins separated by 1.3 kilometres". Nature. 526 (7575): 682–686. arXiv:1508.05949. Bibcode:2015Natur.526..682H. doi:10.1038/nature15759. PMID 26503041. S2CID 205246446.
^Giustina, M, et al. (December 2015). "Significant-Loophole-Free Test of Bell's Theorem with Entangled Photons". Physical Review Letters. 115 (25): 250401. arXiv:1511.03190. Bibcode:2015PhRvL.115y0401G. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.250401. PMID 26722905. S2CID 13789503.
^Shalm, LK, et al. (December 2015). "Strong Loophole-Free Test of Local Realism". Physical Review Letters. 115 (25): 250402. arXiv:1511.03189. Bibcode:2015PhRvL.115y0402S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.250402. PMC 5815856. PMID 26722906.
^Ghirardi, G.C.; Rimini, A.; Weber, T. (March 1980). "A general argument against superluminal transmission through the quantum mechanical measurement process". Lettere al Nuovo Cimento. 27 (10): 293–298. doi:10.1007/BF02817189. S2CID 121145494.
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