Qormusta Tengri (Cyrillic: Хурмаста, Хормуста-тенгри, Хан-Хурмаста; from the Sogdian Хурмазта/Khurmazta; also transliterated as Qormusata (Tngri), Khormusta (Tngri), Hormusta (Tngri), and Qormusda (Tngri)) is a god in Tengrism and shamanism, described as the chief god of the 99 tngri and leader of the 33 gods.[1] Hormusta is the counterpart of the Turkic and Mongol deities, Hürmüz and Kormos Khan.[2][3]
According to Walther Heissig, the group of 33 gods led by Qormusata Tngri exists alongside the well-known group of 99 tngri. Qormusata Tngri derives his name from Ahura Mazda. He is analogous to the Indian Buddhist deity Śakra (to whom Michael York compares him, as a more active being[4]), ruler of the Buddhist heaven of the Thirty-three. Qormusata Tngri leads those 33, and in early texts is also mentioned as leading the 99 tngri. He is connected to the origin of fire: "Buddha struck the light and 'Qormusata Tngri lit the fire'."[5] A fable of a fox describes a fox so clever that even Qormusata Tngri (as the head of the 99 tingri) falls prey to him;[6] in a folktale, Boldag ugei boru ebugen ("The impossible old man, Boru"), he is the sky god with the crow and the wolf as his "faithful agents".[7]
Qormusata Tngri's relatively recent entrance into the pantheon is also indicated by the attempts on the part of Mergen Gegen Lubsangdambijalsan (1717-1766?) to replace earlier shamanist gods in the liturgy with five Lamaist gods including Qormusata Tngri.[8] In one text, he is presented as the father of the 17th-century cult figure Sagang Sechen, who is at the same time an incarnation of Vaiśravaṇa, one of the Four Heavenly Kings in Buddhism.[9]
^Дугаров Б. С. Этнос и культура. Культ горы Хормуста в Бурятии
^Religion and Politics in Russia: A Reader Edited by: Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer ISBN 978-0-7656-2414-7
QormustaTengri (Cyrillic: Хурмаста, Хормуста-тенгри, Хан-Хурмаста; from the Sogdian Хурмазта/Khurmazta; also transliterated as Qormusata (Tngri), Khormusta...
Buddhism and shamanism) made a comeback. Dayan Deerh Shamanism in Siberia Tengri Pegg 2001, p. 141 Shimamura 2004, pp. 649–650 Kevin B. Turner Sky Shamans...
Slavic pantheon: Perun or Rod or Svarog Turco-Mongol pantheon: Tengri, Tngri, QormustaTengri Vietnamese pantheon: Ông Trời; Lạc Long Quân Vodou pantheon:...
for hunting and the growing of fruits and grains. Arshi Tengri Dayisun Tngri QormustaTengri Sülde Tngri Sergei Starostin, StarLing database: "Proto-Altaic:...
spirits) and devotion to "Father sky" otherwise known as "Tenger" or "QormustaTengri" in Mongolian. In the Mongolian folk religion, Genghis Khan is considered...
Indra, the Hindu counterpart Śakra, the Buddhist counterpart Ulgen/QormustaTengri, the Turko-Mongolian counterpart Thagyamin, the Burmese Buddhist representation...
Sogdian name came to the Mongols, who still name this deity QormustaTengri (also Qormusta or Qormusda) is now a popular enough deity to appear in many...
Mongolia. It is centered on the worship of gods called tngri, and the QormustaTengri, the highest such deity. In Mongolian folk religion, Genghis Khan is...
Chinese and Taoist counterpart Śakra, the Buddhist counterpart Ulgen/QormustaTengri, the Turko-Mongolian counterpart "Myanmar 10/29/2016 - 11/15/2016"...
tngri (gods) and the highest Tenger (Heaven, God of Heaven, God) or QormustaTengri. In the Mongolian native religion, Genghis Khan is considered one of...
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