"Qum" redirects here. For other uses, see Qum (disambiguation).
For the administrative divisions, see Qom province and Qom County. For other places with the same name, see Qom.
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City in Iran
Qom
قم
City
کلانشهر قم · Qom Metropolis
Top: Fatima Masumeh Shrine, Second Row:Left: Bagh-e Gonbad-e Sabz Right: Grand Timcheh of Qom, Third Row:Left: Feyziyeh Madrasas Right: Qom Jamkaran Mosque, Bottom: Panoramic view of downtown Qom
Qom (Persian: قم; [ɢom]ⓘ), also Romanized as Ghom, Ghum, or Qum, is a city in the Central District of Qom County, Qom province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district.[4] It is the seventh largest metropolis[5] and also the seventh largest city in Iran.[6] The city is 140 km (87 mi) to the south of Tehran,[7] and on the banks of the Qom River.
At the 2006 census, its population was 957,496 in 241,827 households.[8] The following census in 2011 counted 1,074,036 people in 299,752 households.[9] The 2016 census showed a population of 1,201,158 people in 356,976 households.[1]
Qom is considered holy in Shi'a Islam, as it is the site of the shrine of Fatimah bint Musa, sister of Imam Ali ibn Musa Rida[10] (Persian: Imam Reza; 789–816). The city is the largest center for Shi'a scholarship in the world, and is a significant destination of pilgrimage, with around twenty million pilgrims visiting the city every year, the majority being Iranians but also other Shi'a Muslims from all around the world.[11] Qom is also famous for a Persian brittle toffee known as sohan (Persian: سوهان), considered a souvenir of the city and sold by thousands of sohan vendors.
Qom has developed into a lively industrial center owing in part to its proximity to Tehran. It is a regional center for the distribution of petroleum and petroleum products, and a natural gas pipeline from Bandar Anzali and Tehran and a crude oil pipeline from Tehran run through Qom to the Abadan refinery on the Persian Gulf. Qom gained additional prosperity when oil was discovered at Sarajeh near the city in 1956 and a large refinery was built between Qom and Tehran.
^ ab"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1395 (2016)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 25. Archived from the original (Excel) on 11 January 2021. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^OpenStreetMap contributors (13 May 2023). "Qom, Qom County" (Map). OpenStreetMap. Retrieved 13 May 2023.
^"Major Agglomerations of the World – Population Statistics and Maps". citypopulation.de. Archived from the original on 13 September 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
^Habibi, Hassan (21 June 1369). "Approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the national divisions of Tehran province centered on the city of Tehran". Islamic Parliament Research Center (in Persian). Ministry of Interior, Political-Defense Commission of the Government Board. Archived from the original on 30 November 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2023.
^The metropolises of Iran amar.org.ir Retrieved 19 Oct 2018
^The largest cities in Iran worldatlas.com Retrieved 21 Oct 2018
^The province Qom yjc.ir Retrieved 21 Oct 2018
^"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1385 (2006)". AMAR (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 25. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
^"Census of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1390 (2011)". Syracuse University (in Persian). The Statistical Center of Iran. p. 25. Archived from the original (Excel) on 20 January 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
^The biography of Hazrat Ma'sumeh tasnimnews.com Retrieved 4 Oct 2018
^Alex Shams (6 December 2018), "On Persian pilgrimages, Pakistanis and Indians reconnect with Iran", Dawn News. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
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