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QUEL
Family
Query language
Designed by
Michael Stonebraker
First appeared
1976; 48 years ago (1976)
Major implementations
Ingres, POSTQUEL
Influenced by
Alpha
QUEL is a relational database query language, based on tuple relational calculus, with some similarities to SQL. It was created as a part of the Ingres DBMS effort at University of California, Berkeley, based on Codd's earlier suggested but not implemented Data Sub-Language ALPHA. QUEL was used for a short time in most products based on the freely available Ingres source code, most notably in an implementation called POSTQUEL supported by POSTGRES.[1] As Oracle and DB2 gained market share in the early 1980s, most companies then supporting QUEL moved to SQL instead.[citation needed] QUEL continues to be available as a part of the Ingres DBMS, although no QUEL-specific language enhancements have been added for many years.[when?]
^Stonebraker, M; Rowe, LA (May 1986). The design of POSTGRES(PDF). Proc. 1986 ACM SIGMOD Conference on Management of Data. Washington, DC.
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