Short-toothed mountain mint (Pycnanthemum muticum)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Clade:
Tracheophytes
Clade:
Angiosperms
Clade:
Eudicots
Clade:
Asterids
Order:
Lamiales
Family:
Lamiaceae
Subfamily:
Nepetoideae
Tribe:
Mentheae
Genus:
Pycnanthemum Michx.
Synonyms[1]
Furera Adans.
Brachystemum Michx.
Koellia Moench
Tullia Leavenw.
Pycnanthes Raf.
Pycnanthemum is a genus of herbaceous plants in the mint family (Lamiaceae). Species in this genus are often referred to as "mountain mints" and they often have a minty or thyme-like aroma when crushed. All species of Pycnanthemum are native to the United States and Canada.[1][2][3] The center of diversity for the genus is North Carolina with 13 of the 20 species having been collected therein. Nineteen of the 20 species of Pycnanthemum occur in the Eastern US and Canada, and one disjunct species (P. californicum) occurs in California and Oregon.
Pycnanthemum is derived from Greek. The Greek word "pyknos" has the meaning of "dense", "tight", or "close-packed".[4][5] It was combined with "anthos" meaning flower to give the genus name.[6]
Pycnanthemum belongs to the true mint subtribe (Menthinae),[7] and it has been shown to be closely related to the Monarda, Blephilia, and the scrub mints of the Southeastern United States.[8] Relationships within the genus remain unresolved. A complicated history of polyploidization paired with cryptic morphologies makes this a challenging group for systematists.[9]
^ ab"Pycnanthemum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^"Pycnanthemum". County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2013.
^Chambers, Henrietta L. (1961-01-01). "Chromosome numbers and breeding systems in Pycnanthemum (Labiatae)". Brittonia. 13 (1): 116–128. doi:10.2307/2805290. ISSN 1938-436X. JSTOR 2805290. S2CID 1465521.
^Henderson, I.F.; Henderson, W.D.; Kenneth, J.H. (1939). A Dictionary of Scientific Terms (3rd ed.). Edinburgh, United Kingdom: Oliver and Boyd. p. 292. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
^Ingram, David S. (1999). Plant Disease : A Natural History. London: HarperCollins. p. 262. ISBN 978-0-00-220074-5. Retrieved 26 January 2024.
^Ryding, Olof (2009-06-01). "Pericarp structure in Monarda (Lamiaceae)". Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie. 127 (4): 453–458. doi:10.1127/0006-8152/2009/0127-0453. ISSN 0006-8152.
^Edwards, Christine E.; Soltis, Douglas E.; Soltis, Pamela S. (2006-01-01). "Molecular Phylogeny of Conradina and Other Scrub Mints (Lamiaceae) from the Southeastern USA: Evidence for Hybridization in Pleistocene Refugia?". Systematic Botany. 31 (1): 193–207. doi:10.1600/036364406775971688. ISSN 0363-6445. S2CID 86234822.
^Chambers, Henrietta L.; Chambers, Kenton L. (January 1971). "Artificial and Natural Hybrids in Pycnanthemum (Labiatae)". Brittonia. 23 (1): 71. doi:10.2307/2805843. ISSN 0007-196X. JSTOR 2805843. S2CID 11747998.
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and relationships within it remain unclear. The genera Blephilia and Pycnanthemum are close relatives of Monarda, but they might not be the closest. Monarda...
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only, and have been observed at Asclepias, Saponana, Spiraea, Monarda, Pycnanthemum, Teucrium and Verbena flowers. When not nectaring, adults may be seen...
Pastinaca sativa, Asclepias incarnata, Erechtites hieracifolia, and Pycnanthemum tenuifolium. In California, the adults of both sexes have been collected...
Nearctic realm. The larvae feed on Ageratum, Salvia, Agastache, Mentha, Pycnanthemum, Monardella, Scrophularia and Lantana species. Dyar, 1902, "A List of...
contain at least one globally imperiled plant, Torrey's mountain mint (Pycnanthemum torrei), as well as three other plants endangered within New Jersey....
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