Artemisia maritima, the aromatic (and anthelmintic) herb most frequently used to flavour purl: English common names include sea wormwood and old woman
Purl or wormwood ale is an English drink. It was originally made by infusing ale with the tops of various species of Artemisia ("wormwood"),[1] especially those of Artemisia maritima, "sea wormwood", which grows in coastal salt marsh and bears the alternative English common name of "old woman" ("old man" being a common name of the related A. abrotanum).[2] Other purgative or bitter herbs such as orange peel or senna might also be used. The drink was commonly drunk in the early hours of the morning at which time it was popular with labourers.[3]
By the middle of the 19th century, wormwood had been forgotten and the recipe was to mull ale instead with gin, sugar and spices such as ginger. It was sold by purl-men from purl-boats on the Thames who were licensed by the Watermen's Hall.[4] The drink had ceased to be popular by the end of the 19th century, being replaced by beer, especially the variety known to the English as bitter.[5]
Purl-royal was a similar concoction made using wine in place of ale or beer.[6]
The English took the drink with them to North America and a purl house was opened in New York, where rich punches and possets were popular.[7]
^Wilhelm Thomas Brande (1825), A manual of pharmacy
^Doris Lanier (2004), Absinthe the Cocaine of the Nineteenth Century, ISBN 9780786419678
^Pamela Sambrook (1996), Country house brewing in England, 1500-1900, ISBN 9781852851279
^Henry Mayhew (1861), London labour and the London poor
^Jad Adams (2004), Hideous absinthe: a history of the devil in a bottle, ISBN 9781860649202
^C. J. S. Thompson (1928), Quacks of Old London, ISBN 9780766136090
^Michael Batterberry; Ariane Ruskin Batterberry (1998), On the Town in New York, ISBN 9780415920209
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requested web resource. PURLs redirect HTTP clients using HTTP status codes. Originally, PURLs were recognizable for being hosted at purl.org or other hostnames...
Purl or wormwood ale is an English drink. It was originally made by infusing ale with the tops of various species of Artemisia ("wormwood"), especially...
the latter, as a 'purl stitch'. The two stitches are related in that a knit stitch seen from one side of the fabric appears as a purl stitch on the other...
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specific weblog entries in RSS or Atom syndication streams. Both permalink and PURL (persistent uniform resource locator) are used as a persistent URL, and redirect...
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use the protocol of the current page, typically HTTP or HTTPS. Hyperlink PURL – Persistent URL CURIE (Compact URI) URI fragment Internet resource locator...
pattern, all the stitches are knit or purl; this is known as a garter stitch. Alternating rows of knit stitches and purl stitches produce what is known as...
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