This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations.(March 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Prymnesium parvum
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Clade:
Diaphoretickes
Phylum:
Haptista
Subphylum:
Haptophytina
Class:
Prymnesiophyceae
Order:
Prymnesiales
Family:
Prymnesiaceae
Genus:
Prymnesium
Species:
P. parvum
Binomial name
Prymnesium parvum
N. Carter
Prymnesium parvum is a species of haptophyte (also collectively called Prymnesiophyta). The species is of concern because of its ability to produce the phycotoxin prymnesin. It is a flagellated alga that is normally found suspended in the water column. It was first identified in North America in 1985, but it is not known if it was introduced artificially (e.g., an invasive species) or missed in previous surveys. Toxin production mainly kills fish and appears to have little effect on cattle or humans. This distinguishes it from a red tide, which is an algal bloom whose toxins lead to harmful effects in people. Although no harmful effects are known, it is recommended not to consume dead or dying fish exposed to a P. parvum bloom.
Prymnesium parvum of Haptophyta is sometimes classified as a golden alga or a golden brown alga, as is Chrysophyceae of Heterokontophyta, but the taxonomy of algae is under complex revision, leading to contradictions in terms, especially in non-scholarly texts (such as those from state wildlife departments).
Prymnesiumparvum is a species of haptophyte (also collectively called Prymnesiophyta). The species is of concern because of its ability to produce the...
Prymnesium is a genus of haptophytes, including the species Prymnesiumparvum. The genus is a unicellular motile alga. It is ellipsoidal in shape one...
Golden algae is also commonly used to refer to a single species, Prymnesiumparvum, which causes fish kills. The Chrysophyceae should not be confused...
die-off. According to them, it was caused by golden algae (likely Prymnesiumparvum, which prefer warm salty alkaline waters). Researchers at the Leibniz...
"Identification of a Kdn biosynthesis pathway in the haptophyte Prymnesiumparvum suggests widespread sialic acid biosynthesis among microalgae". Journal...
include Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum, Sargassum, Gracilaria, Prymnesiumparvum, and Euglena gracilis. Light is what algae primarily need for growth...
other fish species contain toxins. Toxin-producing algae include Prymnesiumparvum. It was discovered that euglonophycin, a euglenoid ichthyotoxin derived...
and the capacity to ingest prey. Ochromonas species Ochromonas spp. Prymnesiumparvum Dinoflagellate examples: Fragilidium subglobosum,Heterocapsa triquetra...
and the capacity to ingest prey. Ochromonas species Ochromonas spp. Prymnesiumparvum Dinoflagellate examples: Fragilidium subglobosum,Heterocapsa triquetra...
nutrients space. Some evidence of competitive effects: Graneli showed that Prymnesium spp. will produce phycotoxins which kill competitors under nitrogen or...
Israel. He showed that growth of a toxic unicellular phytoflagellate—Prymnesiumparvum and the synthesis of their toxins have different optimal requirements...
copepods such as Acartia tonsa and rotifers. The mixotrophic flagellate Prymnesiumparvum is a prey item for O. marina when the former is nutrient-replete,...
bloom that resulted in fish kills. The algae was identified to be Prymnesiumparvum, a golden algae that produces toxins fatal to animals with gills....
that these species are closely related to Gephyrocapsa huxleyi and Prymnesiumparvum which are both primary producers. As members of the Haptophyte clade...
Global Information
