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Evangelical Methodist Church of Mirante, the oldest protestant church in Porto
Protestantism in Portugal has long been a minority religion. After the Reformation, the Inquisition and the Portuguese government's religious intolerance outlawed the practice of non-Catholic faiths in the country, and those who followed them could not practice it openly.
However, when the British began settling in Portugal in the 19th century they brought Protestant Christian denominations with them. Most belonged to the Anglican Church of England, but others were Methodists, Congregationalists, Baptists, and Presbyterians.
The establishment of a constitutional monarchy in 1834 granted limited religious toleration to, and consequently led to the opening of an Anglican chapel in Lisbon. A second chapel was opened in 1868. The Anglican mission coincided with the growing influence of the Old Catholic movement in Portugal. Congregations were created from Catholic priests and laypeople who refused to accept the dogmas of the infallibility and universal ordinary jurisdiction of the Pope, as defined by the First Vatican Council in 1870. The Lusitanian Catholic Apostolic Evangelical Church was formed as a result in 1880, however laws still restricted the activities of non-Catholics.
By the early 1990s, only some 50,000 to 60,000 Protestants lived in Portugal, less than 1 percent of the total population. The 1950s and 1960s saw the arrival of Pentecostals who increased in numbers more rapidly than the earlier arrivals did. All groups, however, were hampered by prohibitions and restrictions against the free exercise of their religions, especially missionary activities.
These restrictions were lifted after the Revolution of 1974. The constitution of 1976 guarantees all religions the right to practice their faith. Non-Catholic groups came to be recognized as legal entities with the right to assemble. Portuguese who were both not Catholics and were conscientious objectors had the right to apply for alternative military service.
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