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Procynosuchidae information


Procynosuchids
Temporal range: Late Permian, 260–253.8 Ma
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Procynosuchus delaharpeae from the Late Permian of South Africa
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Synapsida
Clade: Therapsida
Clade: Cynodontia
Family: †Procynosuchidae
Broom, 1938
Genera

†Procynosuchus
†Sludica
†Uralocynodon

Procynosuchidae is an extinct family of therapsids which, along with Dviniidae, were the earliest cynodonts.[1] They appeared around 260 million years ago, and were most abundant during the latest Permian time (251 mya), shortly before the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Despite being the basal member of the cynodont clade, they already showed some of the advanced mammalian characteristics, but procynosuchids bore resemblance to the therocephalians.

Procynosuchid eyes were forward-facing, and the dentary was larger than the therocephalians. The procynosuchids had a secondary palate, which allows them to eat food while breathing, just like mammals. The procynosuchids became extinct at the Permian-Triassic extinction event. Some procynosuchids were terrestrial, but others like Procynosuchus were semi-aquatic.

  1. ^ Mendrez, Christiane Helene (1972). "ON CYRBASIODON BOYCEI, BROOM 1931, (CYNODONTIA PROCYNOSUCHIDAE), FROM SOUTH AFRICA". Palaeontologia africana. ISSN 0078-8554.

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Procynosuchidae

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Procynosuchidae is an extinct family of therapsids which, along with Dviniidae, were the earliest cynodonts. They appeared around 260 million years ago...

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Procynosuchus

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Procynosuchus Broom, 1937 (Therapsida, Cynodontia): generic name conserved". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 37 (4): 348–349. Cynodontia Procynosuchidae...

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Dvinia

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Guntar Graphics, 1993, pg.41 Dvinia skull model and illustrations Procynosuchidae Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Palaeos Vertebrates: Cynodontia:...

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Theriodontia

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Theriodontia †Gorgonopsia †Therocephalia Cynodontia †Dviniidae Mammalia †Procynosuchidae †Galesauridae †Thrinaxodontidae †Cynognathidae †Gomphodontia †Chiniquodontidae...

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Hadrocodium

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Dvinia Procynosuchidae...

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Morganucodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Evolution of mammals

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Dvinia Procynosuchidae...

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Cynodontia

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Clade: Therapsida Clade: Eutheriodontia Clade: Cynodontia Owen, 1861 Clades †Charassognathidae †Procynosuchidae †Dviniidae †Madysauridae Epicynodontia...

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Lepagia

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Mammaliaformes

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Probainognathia

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Hahnodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Probainognathus

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Tritylodontidae

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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List of Permian tetrapods

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Scaloposauridae Family Lycideopsidae Suborder Cynodontia Family Dviniidae Family Procynosuchidae Family Galesauridae List of Carboniferous tetrapods List of Devonian...

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Prozostrodontia

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Eucynodontia

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Santacruzgnathus

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

Word Count : 765

Morganucodonta

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Megazostrodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Ecteninion

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Chiniquodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

Word Count : 618

Haramiyida

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Brasilodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Mammaliamorpha

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Adelobasileus

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Hahnodontidae

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

Word Count : 257

Thrinaxodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

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Tritylodon

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†Dvinia †Nanocynodon †Madysaurus †Uralocynodon †Charassognathidae Abdalodon Charassognathus Nshimbodon †Procynosuchidae Procynosuchus Sludica...

Word Count : 875
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