Territory of the Princely Abbey of Fulda in the early 18th century
Location of Fulda and its territory in the Holy Roman Empire (1648)
Status
Princely Abbey
Capital
Fulda
Common languages
Hessian
Government
Elective principality
Historical era
Middle Ages Early modern period
• Founded
744
• Imperial immediacy
1221
• Joined Upper Rhenish Circle
1500
• Elevated to Prince-Bishopric
1752
• Mediatised to Nassau-Orange
1802
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Rhenish Franconia
Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda
Today part of
Germany
The Abbey of Fulda (German: Kloster Fulda; Latin: Abbatia Fuldensis), from 1221 the Princely Abbey of Fulda (Fürstabtei Fulda) and from 1752 the Prince-Bishopric of Fulda (Fürstbistum Fulda), was a Benedictine abbey and ecclesiastical principality centered on Fulda, in the present-day German state of Hesse.
The monastery was founded in 744 by Saint Sturm, a disciple of Saint Boniface. After Boniface was buried at Fulda, it became a prominent center of learning and culture in Germany, and a site of religious significance and pilgrimage through the 8th and 9th centuries. The Annals of Fulda, one of the most important sources for the history of the Carolingian Empire in the 9th century, were written there. In 1221 the abbey was granted an imperial estate to rule and the abbots were thereafter princes of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1356, Emperor Charles IV bestowed the title "Archchancellor of the Empress" (Erzkanzler der Kaiserin) on the prince-abbot. The growth in population around Fulda would result in its elevation to a prince-bishopric in the second half of the 18th century.
Although the abbey was dissolved in 1802 and its principality was secularized in 1803, the diocese of Fulda continues to exist.
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