Physical examination of athletes in sports medicine
Preparticipation physical evaluation
ECG of an athlete
Synonyms
PPE, preparticipation evaluation, preparticipation physical examination, preparticipation screening, sports physical, sports physical exam, examination for participation in sport
In sports medicine, a preparticipation physical evaluation (PPE) is a physical examination of an athlete.[1] PPEs screen for a variety of conditions, including athletic heart syndrome[2] and risk of sudden cardiac death.[3][4] PPEs are required for athletic participation according to the laws of some jurisdictions and the rules of many sports governing bodies.[5][1] PPE is known by a variety of other names, such as preparticipation evaluation,[5]preparticipation physical examination,[6]preparticipation screening,[6]sports physical,[2]sports physical exam,[7]examination for participation in sport,[7] and similar.
As of 2019, the latest PPE recommendation published by several US physician organizations is the 5th edition, called PPE5.[1] PPE5 was published by American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Sports Medicine, American Medical Society for Sports Medicine, American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, and American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine.[8] Additionally, PPE5 was endorsed by the National Athletic Trainers' Association and National Federation of State High School Associations.[8]
^ abcMacDonald, James; Schaefer, Marie; Stumph, Justin (2021-05-01). "The Preparticipation Physical Evaluation". American Family Physician. 103 (9): 539–546. ISSN 0002-838X. PMID 33929170.
^Hajduczok, Alexander G.; Ruge, Max; Emery, Michael S. (2022). "Risk Factors for Sudden Death in Athletes, Is There a Role for Screening?". Current Cardiovascular Risk Reports. 16 (10): 97–109. doi:10.1007/s12170-022-00697-9. ISSN 1932-9520. PMC 9251040. PMID 35813032.
^Modesti, Pietro Amedeo; Casolo, Giancarlo; Olivotto, Iacopo; Pellegrino, Alessio (October 2022). "Sudden death in young athletes: Is it preventable?". European Journal of Internal Medicine. 104: 13–20. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2022.06.009. ISSN 1879-0828. PMID 35718646. S2CID 249830073.
In sports medicine, a preparticipationphysicalevaluation (PPE) is a physical examination of an athlete. PPEs screen for a variety of conditions, including...
January 20, 2017. London, Susan (December 22, 2014). "States' PreparticipationPhysicalEvaluations Vary Widely". Medscape Medical News. Retrieved January 20...
needed] Trainers also conduct a variety of assessments beginning with a preparticipation health-screening and may also include assessments of posture and movement...
Patt H, Rodgers G, Scott W (Jun 15, 2012). "Lessons learned from preparticipation cardiovascular screening in a state funded program". Am J Cardiol....
cardiovascular death in young competitive athletes after implementation of a preparticipation screening program". JAMA. 296 (13): 1593–1601. doi:10.1001/jama.296...
screening in the preparticipation examination of athletes, as ECG screening has far superior sensitivity and specificity than physical examination. Routine...