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Prehistoric counting information


Cast of a carved reindeer antler with tally marks, from around 15,000-9,500 BCE

Counting in prehistory was first assisted by using body parts, primarily the fingers. This is reflected in the etymology of certain number names, such as in the names of ten and hundred in the Proto-Indo-European numerals, both containing the root *dḱ also seen in the word for "finger" (Latin digitus, cognate to English toe).

Early systems of counting using tally marks appear in the Upper Paleolithic. The first more complex systems develop in the Ancient Near East together with the development of early writing out of proto-writing systems.

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Prehistoric counting

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from the use of tally marks as a counting aid, with the oldest examples being about 35,000 to 25,000 years old. Counting aids like tally marks become more...

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Prehistory

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Old World Prehistoric Africa Predynastic Egypt Prehistoric Central North Africa Prehistoric Asia East Asia: Prehistoric China Prehistoric Korea Japanese...

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Outline of prehistoric technology

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outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to prehistoric technology. Prehistoric technology – technology that predates recorded history. History...

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Tally marks

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are a form of numeral used for counting. They can be thought of as a unary numeral system. They are most useful in counting or tallying ongoing results,...

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Counting rods

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century. Chinese arithmeticians used counting rods well over two thousand years ago. In 1954, forty-odd counting rods of the Warring States period (5th...

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Cave painting

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engravings), found on the wall or ceilings of caves. The term usually implies prehistoric origin. These paintings were often created by Homo sapiens, but also...

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Prehistoric Egypt

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Prehistoric Egypt and Predynastic Egypt is the period of time starting at the first human settlement and ending at the First Dynasty of Egypt around 3100...

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Prehistoric Britain

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and began the period of Roman Britain. Prehistoric Europe Prehistoric Scotland Prehistoric Wales Prehistoric Cornwall Boxgrove Gough's Cave Genetic history...

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Gujarati numerals

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Non-alphabetic Aegean Attic Aztec Brahmi Chuvash Egyptian Etruscan Kharosthi Prehistoric counting Proto-cuneiform Roman Tally marks Alphabetic Abjad Armenian Alphasyllabic...

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Rock shelter

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archaeologically. Because rock shelters form natural shelters from the weather, prehistoric humans often used them as living-places, and left behind debris, tools...

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Binary number

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binary nature explicit. Counting in binary is similar to counting in any other number system. Beginning with a single digit, counting proceeds through each...

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Control of fire by early humans

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(15 January 2021). "The first evidence of controlled use of fire by prehistoric humans during the Middle Paleolithic phase from the Indian subcontinent"...

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History of ancient numeral systems

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to use their hands in counting. While finger-counting is typically not something that preserves archaeologically, some prehistoric hand stencils have been...

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Babylonian cuneiform numerals

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which can make calculations more difficult. Only two symbols ( to count units and to count tens) were used to notate the 59 non-zero digits. These symbols...

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Radix

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Non-alphabetic Aegean Attic Aztec Brahmi Chuvash Egyptian Etruscan Kharosthi Prehistoric counting Proto-cuneiform Roman Tally marks Alphabetic Abjad Armenian Alphasyllabic...

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Prehistoric music

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Prehistoric music (previously called primitive music) is a term in the history of music for all music produced in preliterate cultures (prehistory), beginning...

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Prehistoric technology

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Prehistoric technology is technology that predates recorded history. History is the study of the past using written records. Anything prior to the first...

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Hearth

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of any period. Hearths are common features of many eras going back to prehistoric campsites and may be either lined with a wide range of materials, such...

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Paleolithic flute

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earliest known musical instruments and provide unmistakable evidence of prehistoric music. The flutes were found in caves with the oldest known examples...

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Prehistoric art

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Prehistoric art In the history of art, prehistoric art is all art produced in preliterate, prehistorical cultures beginning somewhere in very late geological...

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Chalcolithic

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Carpathian Basin, he suggested that the previous threefold division of the Prehistoric Age – the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages – should be further divided with...

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Roman numerals

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= 1,332,000. p. is a common abbreviation for passus, paces, the Romans counting a pace as two steps. Judkins, Maura (4 November 2011). "Public clocks do...

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Hebrew numerals

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shtayim (f.) become shney (m.) and shtey (f.) when followed by the noun they count. For ordinal numbers (numbers indicating position) greater than ten the...

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Ishango bone

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of prehistoric numerals. Everett suggests that the first column may reflect some "doubling pattern" and that the tool may have been used for counting and...

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Unary numeral system

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differently from all other bases. [citation needed] The use of tally marks in counting is an application of the unary numeral system. For example, using the tally...

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Devanagari numerals

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Non-alphabetic Aegean Attic Aztec Brahmi Chuvash Egyptian Etruscan Kharosthi Prehistoric counting Proto-cuneiform Roman Tally marks Alphabetic Abjad Armenian Alphasyllabic...

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Lunar calendar

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Paleolithic religion Prehistoric religion Spiritual drug use Origin of language Prehistoric counting Prehistoric medicine trepanning Prehistoric music Alligator...

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Decimal

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glosses meaning that the count is in decimal (cognates to "ten-count" or "tenty-wise"); such would be expected if normal counting is not decimal, and unusual...

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