Porolepiformes is an order of prehistoric lobe-finned fish which lived during the Devonian period (about 416 to 359 million years ago). They are thought to represent the sister group to lungfish (class Dipnoi).[1] The group contains two families: Holoptychiidae and Porolepididae.
Porolepiformes was established by the Swedish paleontologist Erik Jarvik, and were thought to have given rise to the salamanders and caecilians independently of the other tetrapods.[2] He based this conclusion on the shapes of the snouts of the aforementioned groups. This view is no longer in favour in Paleontology.[3]
Jarvik also claimed the existence of choanae in porolepiformes which linked them to tetrapods, but this has remained controversial.[4] Recent phylogenetic reconstruction places porolepiformes close to lungfishes.[5]
More recent evidence has shown that at least one genus Laccognathus was most likely amphibious.[6]
Porolepiform fossil (cast) from a Swedish natural history museum. Note that the description calls it a "Salamander fish", in accordance with Jarvik's obsolete hypothesis.
^Nelson, Joseph S. (16 March 2016). Fishes of the World. ISBN 978-1-119-22081-7. OCLC 951128215.
^Jarvik, Erik. 1980. Basic structure and evolution of vertebrates. Vol. 1–2. Academic Press (London).
^Schultze, Hans-Peter & Trueb, Linda (1991). Origins of the higher groups of tetrapods: controversy and consensus. Cornell University Press. p. 37. ISBN 978-0-8014-2497-7.
^Clement, G., 2001. Evidence for lack of choanae in the Porolepiformes. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 21: 795–802.
^Janvier , P., Early vertebrates. Oxford science publications. 1996, Oxford, New York: Clarendon Press; Oxford University Press.
^Vorobyeva, E.I. (2006). "A new species of Laccognathus (Porolepiform Crossopterygii) from the Devonian of Latvia". Paleontol. J.40 (3). Physorg.com: 312–322. doi:10.1134/S0031030106030129. S2CID 129696592.
choanae in porolepiformes which linked them to tetrapods, but this has remained controversial. Recent phylogenetic reconstruction places porolepiformes close...
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H. zhumini. Jemalongia Gen. et sp. nov Young Devonian Cloghnan Shale Australia A probable member of Porolepiformes. The type species is J. ritchiei....
Neil H. (2013-03). "Holoptychius bergmannisp. nov. (Sarcopterygii, Porolepiformes) from the Upper Devonian of Nunavut, Canada, and a Review of Holoptychius...
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