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Politics of the Republic of the Congo
Constitution
Human rights
Government
President
Denis Sassou Nguesso
Prime Minister
Anatole Collinet Makosso
Cabinet
Current government
Parliament
Senate
President: Pierre Ngolo
National Assembly
President: Isidore Mvouba
Administrative divisions
Departments
Districts
Communes
Elections
Recent elections
Presidential: 2016
2021
Parliamentary: 2017
2022
Political parties
Electoral Law
Foreign relations
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Minister: Jean-Claude Gakosso
Diplomatic missions of / in Republic of the Congo
Passport
Visa requirements
Visa policy
Republic of the Congo portal
Other countries
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Politics of the Republic of the Congo takes place in a framework of a unitary semi-presidential republic, whereby the President is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government, of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the President and the Government. Recently, following the approval of a new Constitution after a referendum in 2015, Congo became a semi-presidential republic after the creation of the post of prime minister who is responsible to the legislature, as well is the cabinet of the former. Legislative power is vested in both the Government and the two chambers of parliament.
Many countries have a semi-presidential republic and elections, examples of other countries than the Republic of the Congo include France, Peru, and Croatia.[1] However, having semi-presidential republic does not necessarily mean that a country is a democracy. A central, but not the only, component of democracy is free and fair elections, where the population can hold accountable those in power.[2] Data collected from Freedom House, shows that the country scored 2/40 on political rights, and 15/60 on civil liberties; however, more specifically, the country scored 0/4 on whether there were free and fair elections.[3]
In terms of civil, political, and human rights, another tenant of democracy, another non-governmental organization, BTI, reports that the rule of law “only exists on paper” in the country;[4] this follows suit from a report from Amnesty International, which documents how Alexandre Ibacka Dzabana and Ras le Bol, both human rights leaders in the country were arrested the day after they announced they would hold a press conference to denounce election irregularities that occurred.[5]
^Samuels, David (2013). Comparative politics. New York: Pearson Education. ISBN 978-0-321-44974-0. OCLC 771425329.
^Schmitter, Philippe C; Karl, Terry Lynn (1991). "What Democracy Is. . . and Is Not". Journal of Democracy. 2 (3): 75–88. doi:10.1353/jod.1991.0033. ISSN 1086-3214.
^"Republic of the Congo: Freedom in the World 2022 Country Report". Freedom House. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
^"BTI 2022 Congo, Rep. Country Report". BTI 2022. Retrieved 2023-03-03.
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