Pliska (Bulgarian: Плиска[ˈpliskɐ], Old Bulgarian: Пльсковъ, romanized: Plĭskovŭ) was the first capital of the First Bulgarian Empire during the Middle Ages and is now a small town in Shumen Province, on the Ludogorie plateau of the Danubian Plain, 20 km northeast of the provincial capital, Shumen.
Pliska was the first capital of Bulgaria. According to legend, it was founded by Asparuh of Bulgaria in the late 7th century; this legend is archaeologically unsubstantiated.[1] The site was originally an encampment, with the first tent-shaped buildings at Pliska of uncertain date.[1] No evidence exists of a settlement before the 9th century, and claims that the site dates from Late Antiquity have been contested.[2]
By the early 9th century, Pliska was surrounded by a defensive wall and 2,300 hectares (5,700 acres) of land was further enclosed by an outer earthwork with stone revetment 21 kilometres (13 miles) long.[1] After the Byzantine army sacked and burned Pliska in 811, led by the emperor Nikephoros I (r. 802–811), Pliska was rebuilt by Omurtag (r. 814–831), who used spolia from nearby Roman buildings and employing late Roman-inspired rectilinear and basilica plans in the architecture of his new ashlar palace, which descended from Late Antique prototypes like Diocletian's Palace at Split, Croatia.[1] When Boris I (r. 852–889) converted to Christianity in 864, the religious buildings of Pliska were adapted for Christian use and it was after this point that the Great Basilica was constructed, together with a monastery which was attached to it.[1] The monastery was home to the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius.[1]
After the tsar Simeon I founded his new capital at Preslav, Pliska was slowly abandoned. Pliska (Medieval Greek: Πλίσκοβα, romanized: Plískova) was captured at the turn of the 2nd millennium by Theodorokanos and Nikephoros Xiphias, during the campaigns of the emperor Basil the Bulgar-Slayer (r. 960–1025), which ended the First Bulgarian Empire.[1]
^ abcdefgBrowning, Robert; Schwartz; Ellen C. (2005) [1991], Kazhdan, Alexander P. (ed.), "Pliska", The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6, retrieved 2020-12-28
^Rizos, Efthymios (2018), Nicholson, Oliver (ed.), "Pliska", The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-866277-8, retrieved 2020-12-28
Pliska (Bulgarian: Плиска [ˈpliskɐ], Old Bulgarian: Пльсковъ, romanized: Plĭskovŭ) was the first capital of the First Bulgarian Empire during the Middle...
The Pliska Rosette is a seven-pointed bronze rosette found in 1961 in Pliska, the medieval capital of Bulgaria. It is dated by archeologists to the 7th-9th...
The Battle of Pliska or Battle of Vărbitsa Pass was a series of battles between troops, gathered from all parts of the Byzantine Empire, led by the Emperor...
(Bulgarian: Преславска книжовна школа), also known as the '''Pliska Literary School''' or '''Pliska-Preslav Literary school''' was the first literary school...
Pliska Ridge (Bulgarian: връх Плиска, romanized: vrah Pliska, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈpliskɐ]) is a three-peaked ridge rising to 667 m (2,188 ft) in eastern Livingston...
defined in Bulgarian historiography as the Pliska-Preslav culture, named after the first two capitals, Pliska and Preslav, where most of the surviving monuments...
Heinz Pliska (born 23 October 1941) is a retired German footballer. He played in the Bundesliga for Schalke 04. "Heinz Pliska". worldfootball.net. Heinz...
Almir Pliska (born 12 August 1987) is a Bosnian-Herzegovinian former professional footballer who played as a forward. Pliska was, together with Asim Škaljić...
Fritz Pliska (20 December 1915 – 28 August 1995) was a German footballer and coach in the German Bundesliga and in the Dutch Eredivisie. During World War...
written code of law and checked a major Byzantine incursion at the Battle of Pliska, in which Byzantine emperor Nicephorus I was killed. Boris I abolished paganism...
beginning of the ninth century. The proximity to the then Bulgarian capital of Pliska led to the fast development and expansion of Preslav during the reign of...
the Glagolitic and Cyrillic script. Naum was among the founders of the Pliska Literary School. Afterwards Naum worked at the Ohrid Literary School. He...
when the news for a possible alliance between the two empires reached Pliska, the Bulgarians decided to conclude a peace. Moreover, they needed to consolidate...
invasion into Bulgaria, he suffered a defeat and was killed at the Battle of Pliska. According to several sources outside the Byzantine context, such as Michael...
capital, Pliska, and the second in the region of Kutmichevitsa. According to his hagiography by Theophylact of Ohrid, while Naum stayed in Pliska working...
Cyril and Methodius at the Preslav Literary School (previously in Pliska as Pliska Literary School) at the end of the 9th century as a simplification...
1931). Cook & Paxton 2001, p. 43. Cook 2001, p. 1199. Bell 2011, p. 525. Pliska et al. 2014, p. 1. Cook 2001, p. 688. Táňa 2010, p. 363. Táňa 2010, p. 289...
Momin Prohod Plachkovtsi Senovo Shipka Suhindol Zemen 500+ Kiten Madzharovo Pliska 499- Melnik Notes city status after the census of 01.02.2011: Ignatievo...
Home Care Industry (Exclusive)". Green Matters. Retrieved 5 December 2023. Pliska, Jessica (29 March 2021). "For Emma Grede, Purpose-Driven Business Is The...
Edmund Conen (1957–59) Theo Kirchberg (1959–60) Erich Garske (1960–62) Fritz Pliska (1962–65) Theo Kirchberg (1965–71) Gero Bisanz (1971–73) Friedhelm Renno...
also found a connection in the plan of the Danube Bulgars sanctuaries at Pliska, Veliki Preslav, and Madara. The architectural similarities include two...
marches through the Balkan passes towards Pliska, the Bulgarian capital. July 23 – Nikephoros I reaches Pliska, and destroys a Bulgarian army of 12,000...
(870–918) Archbishop Joseph 870–c. 877 Drastar/Pliska Archbishop George c. 877–c. 893 Drastar/Pliska Archbishop Gregory Presbyter John the Exarch (?)...
809–815: War between the Byzantine empire and Bulgaria. 811: Battle of Pliska fought between a Byzantine force led by emperor Nicephorus I and a Bulgarian...
Administration Aristocracy Great Boyar Council Council of Preslav Capitals: Pliska (681–893) Preslav (893–972) Skopje (972–992) Ohrid (992–1018) Tarnovo (1185–1393)...
Global Information
