Legal doctrine for police searches in the United States
In the United States, the plain view doctrine is an exception to the Fourth Amendment's warrant requirement[1] that allows an officer to seize evidence and contraband that are found in plain view during a lawful observation. The doctrine is also regularly used by Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officers while screening persons and property at U.S. airports.[2]
For the plain view doctrine to apply for discoveries, the three-prong Horton test requires that:[3]
The officer is lawfully present at the place where the evidence can be plainly viewed
The officer has a lawful right of access to the object
The incriminating character of the object is immediately apparent
^U. S. Const. amend. IV
^Why We Do What We Do: When Security Officers Find Illegal Items at the Checkpoint Transportation Security Administration
^Horton v. California, 496 U.S. 128 (1990).
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