Piran i Viseh (English: Piran son of Viseh)[1][2][3] (Persian: پیرانِ ویسه) is a Turanian figure in Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran. Beside Shahnameh, Piran is also mentioned in other sources such as Tabari and Tha'ālibī. He is the king of Khotan and the spahbed of Afrasiab, the king of Turan. He is described as a wise and intelligent man, seeking to bring peace to Iran and Turan. In old Iranian writings, Piran and Aghrirat are the only Turanians that have been described positively. Piran plays a vital role in the story of Siavash, the story of Kay Khosro and the story of Bizhan and Manizhe. Piran was killed by Goudarz in the battle of Davazdah Rokh. Kay Khosro mourned the death of Piran and ordered to wash his body with Musk and Ambergris and ordered to be buried in the cave of Zibad. In Persian culture, Piran is a symbol of wisdom.[4] It has been said that Karim Khan called Mohammad Khan Qajar "Piran Viseh".[4][5] Piran is often compared to Bozorgmehr.[3]
According to djalal khaleghi motlagh, Piran may be the Median Harpagus that saved Cyrus the Great.[6]
According to the book of Dr Abas Zamani Piran was buried in the cave of Zibad now called DarSufa Pir.[7]
Dar e Sufa.
According to Patrice Lajoye, Piran may not have been a real historical figure at all, but rather a euhemerized thunder deity descended from the Proto-Indo-European Perkwunos, whose name is cognate with the Slavic Perun and Sanskrit Parjanya.[8]
^Bashiri, Iraj. "Characters of Firdowsi's Shahname". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
^"مغز متفکر شاهنامه (تحلیلی بر شخصیت پیران ویسه)". noormags. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
^ ab"Piran in Shahnameh". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
^ ab"Piran Viseh". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
^"دلبستگی موسس قاجاریه به شاهنامه/ شاهی که کریمخان وی را «پیران ویسه» نامید". IBNA.ir. 16 October 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
^"Cyrus and Kay Khosro". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
^"قلعه زیبد محل سکونت یزدگرد و گودرز | خلیج فارس". Archived from the original on 2016-04-14.
^Lajoye, Patrice (2012). "There is no »Perun in the Caucasus«…but maybe an ancient Iranian thunder demon" (PDF). Studia Mythologica Slavica. Retrieved 21 June 2019.
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