Medieval and post-medieval English financial documents
Pipe rolls
Extract from the 1194 Pipe roll
Language
Medieval Latin, Middle English, English
Date
1129–1833
Provenance
English Exchequer Exchequer of Ireland
Series
Pipe rolls
Genre
Accounting documents
Subject
Records of the audits of the English Exchequer and Exchequer of Ireland
Period covered
1130–1833
The Pipe rolls, sometimes called the Great rolls[1] or the Great Rolls of the Pipe, are a collection of financial records maintained by the English Exchequer, or Treasury, and its successors, as well as the Exchequer of Ireland. The earliest date from the 12th century, and the series extends, mostly complete, from then until 1833.[2] They form the oldest continuous series of records concerning English governance kept by the English, British, Irish and United Kingdom governments, covering a span of about 700 years. The early medieval ones are especially useful for historical study, as they are some of the earliest financial records available from the Middle Ages. A similar set of records was developed for Normandy, which was ruled by the English kings from 1066 to 1205, but the Norman Pipe rolls have not survived in a continuous series like the English.
They were the records of the yearly audits performed by the Exchequer of the accounts and payments presented to the Treasury by the sheriffs and other royal officials; and owed their name to the shape they took, as the various sheets were affixed to each other and then rolled into a tight roll, resembling a pipe, for storage. They record not only payments made to the government, but debts owed to the crown and disbursements made by royal officials. Although they recorded much of the royal income, they did not record all types of income, nor did they record all expenditures, so they are not strictly speaking a budget. The Pipe Roll Society, formed in 1883, has published the Pipe rolls for the period up to 1224.
The Piperolls, sometimes called the Great rolls or the Great Rolls of the Pipe, are a collection of financial records maintained by the English Exchequer...
loyal to his family. The Pipe Roll was a class of parchment roll used by the Treasury to record financial receipts. The Pipe Roll of 6 Henry III (1222)...
his death was unexpected. A further reference to Philip is found in the piperolls for 1201 of his uncle, John, King of England: "Et Philippo f. R. Ricardi...
Clerk of the Pipe was a post in the Pipe Office of the English Exchequer and its successors. The incumbent was responsible for the piperolls on which the...
the Piperolls of Somerset of 1176. Robert Ingleberd was the first record of a variant of "Engelbrecht" used as a family name, dated 1230 in the Pipe rolls...
considerable disruption to this system and calculations based on incomplete piperolls suggest that royal income fell by 46 per cent between 1129–30 and 1155–56...
in May 1203. Emme died in or after 1214, when she disappears from the PipeRolls. Giraldus Cambrensis 1863, pp. 455–456. Williams 1908, pp. 128–129. Giraldus...
existed for some time beforehand, though they do not survive).: p.159 PipeRolls form a mostly continuous record of royal revenues and taxation; however...
Exchequer (Rolls series), which, with the Book of Fees (Public Record Office) and the PipeRolls (published by the Record Commission and the Pipe Roll Society)...
during John's reign that the Gloriette in the inner bailey was built. The PipeRolls, records of royal expenditure, show that between 1201 and 1204 over £750...
King's Bench and Common Pleas and the archaic hands used for engrossing piperolls and other documents. At the time of Henry VII, many writers began to use...
mentioned in the PipeRolls of Henry II in Norfolk. It is mentioned as a surname in the 1201 PipeRolls in Shropshire and in the 1275 Hundred Rolls in Norfolk...
1130, in the form of the first surviving Pipe Roll for that year. From the reign of King Henry II, PipeRolls form a mostly continuous record of royal...
Robert Eyton's 1878 volume (tracing Henry's itinerary by deductions from piperolls), for example, has been criticised for not acknowledging uncertainty....
all apparently the same man, referred to in nine successive Yorkshire PipeRolls between 1226 and 1234. There is no evidence however that this Robert Hood...
year 939 Wonlond, the Domesday Book from the year 1086 Winlande and the PipeRolls from the year 1170 Wunlanda. The name is interpreted as Old English wynn-land...
beginning of the 13th Century. The surname also appears in the Lancashire Piperolls in the year 1203 with a certain Walter de Tritton, the latter being mentioned...
Names". Seaman Lilius Manning appears in the PipeRolls for Essex in 1181 and Ainulf Manning in the PipeRolls for Kent in 1190. The surname Manning is on...
accounts of chroniclers; other documentary evidence, including early piperolls; and surviving buildings and architecture. The three main chroniclers...
acronym Cal. charter R. for those published in calendar form. Hanaper PipeRolls Patent roll Sayles (1967), p. 291 Sayles (1967), p. 292 Chrimes (1966)...
had been ordered to prepare for the coronation of Young Henry and the piperolls for 1162 record the allocation of funds for the commissioning of a golden...
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