Larry Shaw, the organizer of the first Pi Day celebration at the Exploratorium in San Francisco
Observed by
United States
Type
Mathematical
Significance
3, 1, and 4 are the three most significant figures of π in its decimal representation.
Celebrations
Pie eating, pi memorization competitions, discussions about π[1]
Date
March 14
Next time
March 14, 2025 (2025-03-14)
Frequency
Annual
First time
1988
Related to
Pi Approximation Day
Part of a series of articles on the
mathematical constant π
3.1415926535897932384626433...
Uses
Area of a circle
Circumference
Use in other formulae
Properties
Irrationality
Transcendence
Value
Less than 22/7
Approximations
Madhava's correction term
Memorization
People
Archimedes
Liu Hui
Zu Chongzhi
Aryabhata
Madhava
Jamshīd al-Kāshī
Ludolph van Ceulen
François Viète
Seki Takakazu
Takebe Kenko
William Jones
John Machin
William Shanks
Srinivasa Ramanujan
John Wrench
Chudnovsky brothers
Yasumasa Kanada
History
Chronology
A History of Pi
In culture
Indiana pi bill
Pi Day
Related topics
Squaring the circle
Basel problem
Six nines in π
Other topics related to π
v
t
e
Pi Day is an annual celebration of the mathematical constant π (pi). Pi Day is observed on March 14 (the 3rd month) since 3, 1, and 4 are the first three significant figures of π, and it was first celebrated in the United States.[2][3] It was founded in 1988 by Larry Shaw, an employee of the San Francisco science museum, the Exploratorium. Celebrations often involve eating pie or holding pi recitation competitions. In 2009, the United States House of Representatives supported the designation of Pi Day.[4] UNESCO's 40th General Conference designated Pi Day as the International Day of Mathematics in November 2019.[5][6]
Other dates when people celebrate pi include Pi Approximation Day on July 22 (22/7 in the day/month format, an approximation of π) and June 28 (6.28, an approximation of 2π or tau).
^Landau, Elizabeth (March 12, 2010). "On Pi Day, one number 'reeks of mystery'". CNN. Retrieved March 14, 2018.
^Bellos, Alex (March 14, 2015). "Pi Day 2015: a sweet treat for maths fans". theguardian.com. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^"Nedräkning mot internationella Pi-dagen". Swedish national radio company (in Swedish). March 14, 2015.
^United States. Cong. House. Supporting the designation of Pi Day, and for other purposes. 111th Cong. Library of Congress Archived August 7, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
^"International Day of Mathematics". UNESCO. March 4, 2020.
^Rousseau, Christiane (September 1, 2019). "International Day of Mathematics" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 66 (8): 1. doi:10.1090/noti1928.
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