Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales. It is most closely related to the family Picrodendraceae.[3]
The Phyllanthaceae are most numerous in the tropics, with many in the south temperate zone, and a few ranging as far north as the middle of the north temperate zone.[4]
Some species of Andrachne, Antidesma, Margaritaria, and Phyllanthus are in cultivation.[5] A few species of Antidesma, Baccaurea, Phyllanthus, and Uapaca bear edible fruit.[4]
Phyllanthaceae comprises about 2000 species.[6][7] Depending on the author, these are grouped into 54 to 60 genera. Some of the genera are poorly defined, and the number of genera in the family is likely to change as the classification is further refined. The genus Phyllanthus, one of the largest genera of flowering plants with over 1200 species, has more than half of the species in the family.[8]
Some of the genera have recently been sunk into others, while other genera have recently been divided.[9][10] The largest genera and the approximate number of species in each are: Phyllanthus (1270), Cleistanthus (140), Antidesma (100), Aporosa (90), Uapaca (60), Baccaurea (50), and Bridelia (50).[11]
Since Phyllanthaceae was revised in 2006, one paper has removed Heterosavia from Savia.[12] Another has separated Notoleptopus from Leptopus, and segregated Pseudophyllanthus and Phyllanthopsis from Andrachne. Also, Oreoporanthera has been subsumed into Poranthera, while Zimmermannia and Zimmermanniopsis have been sunk into Meineckia.[13] The large genus Cleistanthus is known to be polyphyletic, but further studies will be needed before it can be revised.[6]
^Kapgate, Dashrath; Manchester, Steven R.; Stuppy, Wolfgang (2017-06-15). "Oldest fruit of Phyllanthaceae from the Deccan Intertrappean Beds of Singpur, Madhya Pradesh, India". Acta Palaeobotanica. 57 (1): 33–38. doi:10.1515/acpa-2017-0004. ISSN 0001-6594.
^Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083.
^Kenneth J. Wurdack and Charles C. Davis. 2009. "Malpighiales phylogenetics: Gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life." American Journal of Botany96(8):1551-1570. (see External links below)
^ abPetra Hoffman. 2007. "Phyllanthaceae" pages 250-252. In: Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. Flowering Plant Families of the World. Firefly Books: Ontario, Canada. ISBN 978-1-55407-206-4.
^Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening. The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. ISBN 978-0-333-47494-5 (set)
^ abHashendra S. Kathriarachchi; Petra Hoffmann; Rosabelle Samuel; Kenneth J. Wurdack & Mark W. Chase (2005). "Molecular phylogenetics of Phyllanthaceae inferred from five genes (plastid atpB, matK, 3'ndhF, rbcL, and nuclear PHYC)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 36 (1): 112–134. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.12.002. PMID 15904861.
^Samuel, Rosabelle; Kathriarachchi, Hashendra S.; Hoffmann, Petra; Barfuss, Michael H.J.; Wurdack, Kenneth J.; Davis, Charles C.; Chase, Mark W. (2005). "Molecular phylogenetics of Phyllanthaceae: evidence from plastid matK and nuclear PHYC sequences" (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 92 (1): 132–141. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.1.132. PMID 21652393.
^Kathriarachchi, Hashendra S.; Samuel, Rosabelle; Hoffmann, Petra; Mlinarec, Jelena; Wurdack, Kenneth J.; Ralimanana, Hélène; Stuessy, Tod F.; Chase, Mark W. (2006). "Phylogenetics of tribe Phyllantheae (Phyllanthaceae) based on nrITS and plastid matK DNA sequence data". American Journal of Botany. 93 (4): 637–655. doi:10.3732/ajb.93.4.637. PMID 21646224.
^Hoffmann, Petra; McPherson, Gordon (2007). "Revision of Wielandia, including Blotia and Petalodiscus (Phyllanthaceae)". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 94 (3): 519–553. doi:10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[519:ROWIBA]2.0.CO;2.
^Kanchana Pruesapan, Ian R.H. Telford, Jeremy J. Bruhl, Stefano G.A. Draisma, and Peter C. Van Welzen. 2008. "Delimitation of Sauropus (Phyllanthaceae) Based on Plastid matK and Nuclear Ribosomal ITS DNA Sequence Data." Annals of Botany102(6):1007-1018. (see External links below)
^"Phyllanthaceae" In: Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. In: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see external links below)
^Hoffmann, Petra (2008). "Revision of Heterosavia, status novus, with notes on Gonatogyne and Savia (Phyllanthaceae)". Brittonia. 60 (2): 136–166. doi:10.1007/s12228-008-9012-5. S2CID 34814559.
^Vorontsova, Maria S.; Hoffmann, Petra (2008). "A phylogenetic classification of tribe Poranthereae (Phyllanthaceae)". Kew Bulletin. 63 (1): 41–59. doi:10.1007/s12225-007-9012-8. S2CID 21278789.
Phyllanthaceae is a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order Malpighiales. It is most closely related to the family Picrodendraceae. The Phyllanthaceae...
pedra and chance pierre. It is in the genus Phyllanthus of the family Phyllanthaceae. It grows 50–70 cm (20–28 in) tall and bears ascending herbaceous branches...
from the Sanskrit आमलकी (āmalakī), is a deciduous tree of the family Phyllanthaceae. Its native range is tropical and southern Asia. The tree is small to...
disticha, commonly known as the snowbush, is a plant in the family Phyllanthaceae, first described in 1776. It is native to New Caledonia and Vanuatu...
33 mm. Adults are on wing from September to December. Larvae feed on Phyllanthaceae species, including Breynia and Phyllanthus. Images Bug Guide v t e...
Below is the full taxonomy of the family Phyllanthaceae. Its circumscription is nearly coincident to that of ex-subfamily Phyllanthoideae of the Euphorbiaceae...
at the base with the above being herbaceous) and herb in the family Phyllanthaceae. The plant, reaching around 2 feet, has small alternate leaves resembling...
Phyllanthus is the largest genus in the plant family Phyllanthaceae. Estimates of the number of species in this genus vary widely, from 750 to 1200. Phyllanthus...
Breynia is a genus in the flowering plant family Phyllanthaceae, first described in 1776. It is native to Southeast Asia, China, Réunion, the Indian Subcontinent...
fruits Fruits Inside of the fruits Young fruits of Baccaurea motleyana (Phyllanthaceae) "WCSP". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 5 January...
is one of the trees with small edible yellow berries in the family Phyllanthaceae. Despite its name, the plant does not resemble the gooseberry, except...
free floating aquatic plant and herbaceous perennial in the family Phyllanthaceae. This species is one of the only three non-terrestrial species in the...
the Burmese grape, is a slow-growing evergreen tree in the family Phyllanthaceae, growing to 25 m, with a spreading crown and thin bark. It is native...
Brazil has great forests. Minas Gerais, Brazil's central state, larger domain is the tropical forest. Within it there are many types of plants. Separated...
acuminatus, the Jamaican gooseberry tree, is a herb-like plant of the family Phyllanthaceae, found in the Caribbean, Central America and South America. This plant...
species described Jean Louis Marie Poiret; it is included in the family Phyllanthaceae. This is an Asian species of Phyllanthus (but it was also introduced...
following families: Hydatellaceae Lemnaceae Pandanaceae Triuridaceae Phyllanthaceae Diagram of a flower head. Note bracts surrounding the flowers, which...
Antidesma bunius is a species of fruit tree in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is native to South Asia, Southeast Asia, Melanesia, and northern Australia...
leaf-flower, is a shrub belonging to the genus Phyllanthus of the family Phyllanthaceae endemic to island of Sri Lanka. Numerous in 2-3's on suppressed branchlets...
Phyllanthus mirabilis is a plant species of family Phyllanthaceae and is native to Thailand, Laos and Myanmar. It is one of the only four Phyllanthus to...
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