Phanaeus vindex, also known as a rainbow scarab (like other members in its genus[1]), is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is found in eastern and central United States (Florida and New England to Arizona and Wyoming) and northern Mexico.[2][3] It is the most widespread species of Phanaeus in the United States and it has a wide habitat tolerance.[2] It may hybridize with the generally less common P. difformis.[4]
^"Genus Phanaeus - Rainbow Scarabs". BugGuide. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
^Zídek, J.; Edmonds, W.D. (2012). "Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini)". Insecta Mundi. 2012 (274): 1–108. doi:10.5281/zenodo.5182095.
^"Phanaeus difformis Species Information". BugGuide.net. Iowa State University. Retrieved 2018-01-25.
Phanaeusvindex, also known as a rainbow scarab (like other members in its genus), is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae...
Well-known members include the genera Scarabaeus and Sisyphus, and Phanaeusvindex. Adult dung beetles have modified mouth parts which are adapted to...
more common P. vindex. "Phanaeus difformis Species Information". BugGuide.net. Iowa State University. Retrieved 25 January 2018. "Phanaeus difformis Report"...
insects such as the bumblebee, Bombus pensylvanicus, the scarab beetle, Phanaeusvindex, and the flower-fly, Palpada vinetorum. There have not been any indications...