Peroz I (Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭩𐭫𐭥𐭰, romanized: Pērōz) was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 459 to 484. A son of Yazdegerd II (r. 438–457), he disputed the rule of his elder brother and incumbent king Hormizd III (r. 457–459), eventually seizing the throne after a two-year struggle. His reign was marked by war and famine. Early in his reign, he successfully quelled a rebellion in Caucasian Albania in the west, and put an end to the Kidarites in the east, briefly expanding Sasanian rule into Tokharistan, where he issued gold coins with his likeness at Balkh. Simultaneously, Iran was suffering from a seven-year famine. He soon clashed with the former subjects of the Kidarites, the Hephthalites, who possibly had previously helped him to gain his throne. He was defeated and captured twice by the Hephthalites and lost his recently acquired possessions.
In 482, revolts broke out in the western provinces of Armenia and Iberia, led by Vahan Mamikonian and Vakhtang I respectively. Before Peroz could quell the unrest there, he was defeated and killed in his third war with the Hephthalites in 484, who seized the main Sasanian cities of the eastern region of Khorasan−Nishapur, Herat and Marw. Taking advantage of the weakened Sasanian authority in the east, the Nezak Huns subsequently seized the region of Zabulistan. Peroz was the last shahanshah to mint unique gold coins in the Indian region of Sindh, which indicates that the region was lost around the same period. Albeit a devout Zoroastrian, Peroz supported the newly established Christian sect of Nestorianism, and just before his death, it was declared the official doctrine of the Iranian church.
Peroz's wars against the Hephthalites have been described as "foolhardy" in both contemporary and modern historiography. His defeat and death introduced a period of political, social and religious tumult. The empire reached its lowest ebb; the shahanshah was now a client of the Hephthalites and was compelled to pay tribute, while the nobility and clergy exerted great influence and authority over the nation, being able to act as king-makers. The magnates—most notably Sukhra and Shapur Mihran—elected Peroz's brother, Balash, as the new shahanshah. Order would first be restored under Peroz's son Kavad I (r. 488–496, 498/9–531), who reformed the empire and defeated the Hephthalites, reconquering Khorasan. By 560, Peroz had been avenged by his grandson Khosrow I (r. 531–579), who in collaboration with the First Turkic Khaganate, destroyed the Hephthalites.
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PerozI (Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭩𐭫𐭥𐭰, romanized: Pērōz) was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 459 to 484. A son of Yazdegerd II (r. 438–457)...
contact with the Sasanian Empire, and were involved in helping militarily PerozI seize the throne from his brother Hormizd III. Later, in the late 5th century...
the Kidarites, who declared war against the ruling Sasanian king PerozI in c. 464. Peroz lacked manpower to fight, and therefore asked for financial aid...
PerozI Kushanshah (Bactrian script: Πιρωςο Κοϸανο ϸαηο) was Kushanshah of the Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom from 245 to 275. He was the successor of Ardashir...
438–457). His reign was marked by the rebellion of his younger brother PerozI, who with the aid of one of the Seven Great Houses of Iran, the House of...
Iran from 488 to 531, with a two or three-year interruption. A son of PerozI (r. 459–484), he was crowned by the nobles to replace his deposed and unpopular...
Khosrow's grandfather PerozI. To the south, Iranian forces led by Wahrez defeated the Aksumites and conquered Yemen. Khosrow I was known for his character...
to 493. He was active during the reign of shah PerozI (r. 457-484), Balash (r. 484 – 488) and Kavad I (r. 488-496). He is often confused with his father...
his elder brother PerozI, who had the support of the nobility, and with the Hephthalites in Bactria. He was killed by his brother Peroz in 459. At the beginning...
of Kings of Iran from 484 to 488. He was the brother and successor of PerozI (r. 459–484), who had been defeated and killed by a Hephthalite army. Balāsh...
Emperor PerozI (r. 459–484), and described himself as "King of the people of Kadag and governor of the famous and prosperous King of Kings Peroz" in a...
King of Kings of Iran from 496 to 498/9. He was a son of PerozI and younger brother of Kavad I. Jamasp was installed on the Sasanian throne upon the deposition...
staters were issued first in the name of Samudragupta, then by Kirada, "Peroz" and finally Kidara Cribb, Joe (January 2010). "The Kidarites, the numismatic...
death led to a dynastic struggle between his two sons Hormizd III and PerozI for the throne, with the latter emerging victorious. The name of Yazdegerd...
Menmaatre Seti I (or Sethos I in Greek) was the second pharaoh of the Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt during the New Kingdom period, ruling c. 1294 or 1290...
himself as a vassal of the Sasanian Empire king PerozI. Mehama (r.461-493) allied with Sasanian king PerozI (459-484) in his victory over the Kidarites...
captives to make Peroz spare them. However, an unexpected event changed the course of events: the death of the Sasanian king PerozI in 484 in war against...
Euric, king of the Visigoths PerozI, king of the Persian Empire Seinei, emperor of Japan Verina, wife of former emperor Leo I Wickham, Chris (2005). Framing...
Nebuchadnezzar I (/nɛbjʊkədˈnɛzər/), reigned c. 1121–1100 BC, was the fourth king of the Second Dynasty of Isin and Fourth Dynasty of Babylon. He ruled...
such as Firuz, Firuze, Peroz or Piruz (Persian, 'victorious') may refer to: PerozI (r. 459–484), Sasanian king of Iran Peroz II (fl. 631), Sasanian king...
Inscription: This is Phraortes. He lied, saying: "I am Khshathrita, of the dynasty of Cyaxares. I am king in Media." G. Posener, La première domination...
imitation of a coin of Vasudeva I, by the Kushano-Sasanian ruler Ardashir I Kushanshah, c. 230 – c. 245 CE. Gold coin of PerozI Kushanshah (246-275 CE), imitating...
himself married to the niece or sister of PerozI (r. 459–484). During the dynastic struggle between the brothers Peroz and Hormizd III in 457–459, Vache II...
Sasan, the eponymous ancestor of the dynasty. It was founded by Ardashir I in 224, who defeated the last Parthian (Arsacid) king, Artabanus IV (Persian:...
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