Pendulum clock conceived by Galileo Galilei around 1637. The earliest known pendulum clock design, it was never completed.
Vienna regulator style pendulum wall clock
A pendulum clock is a clock that uses a pendulum, a swinging weight, as its timekeeping element. The advantage of a pendulum for timekeeping is that it is an approximate harmonic oscillator: It swings back and forth in a precise time interval dependent on its length, and resists swinging at other rates. From its invention in 1656 by Christiaan Huygens, inspired by Galileo Galilei, until the 1930s, the pendulum clock was the world's most precise timekeeper, accounting for its widespread use.[1][2] Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, pendulum clocks in homes, factories, offices, and railroad stations served as primary time standards for scheduling daily life, work shifts, and public transportation. Their greater accuracy allowed for the faster pace of life which was necessary for the Industrial Revolution.[3]: p.623 The home pendulum clock was replaced by less-expensive synchronous electric clocks in the 1930s and '40s. Pendulum clocks are now kept mostly for their decorative and antique value.
Pendulum clocks must be stationary to operate. Any motion or accelerations will affect the motion of the pendulum, causing inaccuracies, so other mechanisms must be used in portable timepieces.
^Milham, Willis I. (1945). Time and Timekeepers. New York: MacMillan. pp. 330, 334. ISBN 0-7808-0008-7.
^Marrison, Warren (1948). "The Evolution of the Quartz Crystal Clock". Bell System Technical Journal. 27 (3): 510–588. doi:10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01343.x. Archived from the original on 2007-05-13.
^Macey, Samuel L. (1994). Encyclopedia of Time. New York: Garland Publishing. ISBN 0815306156.
A pendulumclock is a clock that uses a pendulum, a swinging weight, as its timekeeping element. The advantage of a pendulum for timekeeping is that it...
the world's most accurate timekeeping technology until the 1930s. The pendulumclock invented by Christiaan Huygens in 1656 became the world's standard timekeeper...
the invention of the pendulumclock by Christiaan Huygens. A major stimulus to improving the accuracy and reliability of clocks was the importance of...
(disambiguation) A torsion pendulumclock, more commonly known as an anniversary clock or 400-day clock, is a mechanical clock which keeps time with a mechanism...
grandfather clock (also a longcase clock, tall-case clock, grandfather's clock, or floor clock) is a tall, freestanding, weight-driven pendulumclock, with...
hands. The impulse action transfers energy to the clock's timekeeping element (usually a pendulum or balance wheel) to replace the energy lost to friction...
of liquid in water clocks, to mechanical clocks, and eventually repetitive, oscillatory processes, such as the swing of pendulums. Oscillating timekeepers...
adoption of the pendulum, and later the anchor escapement. Since clocks were valuable, after the invention of the pendulum many verge clocks were rebuilt...
and inventor, he improved the design of telescopes and invented the pendulumclock, the most accurate timekeeper for almost 300 years. A talented mathematician...
"regulator" clocks gradually replaced the anchor escapement: 181, 441 and is now used in most modern pendulumclocks. The observation that pendulumclocks slowed...
A flying pendulumclock is a clock that uses a flying pendulum escapement mechanism. A small metal ball, connected by string, wraps around one brass post...
Atmos is the brand name of a mechanical torsion pendulumclock manufactured by Jaeger-LeCoultre in Switzerland which does not need to be wound manually...
for a pendulumclock (called Galileo's escapement), although no clock using this was built until after the first fully operational pendulumclock was made...
from rest in one second; a pendulum of length about one meter has a swing of one second, so pendulumclocks have pendulums about a meter long; the fastest...
mechanism of turret clocks must be more powerful than that of ordinary clocks. Traditional turret clocks are large pendulumclocks run by hanging weights...
escapement used in pendulumclocks. The escapement is a mechanism in a mechanical clock that maintains the swing of the pendulum by giving it a small...
were pendulumclocks, but both the rolling of a ship at sea and the up to 0.2% variations in the gravity of Earth made a simple gravity-based pendulum useless...
precision master pendulumclock began to be used in institutions like factories, offices, and schools around 1900. Modern radio clocks are synchronised...
Osnabrück. craft clock with a centrifugal pendulum (1578 to 1587). Heinrich Gebhardt (1602–1661), German clockmaker, Straßburg, astronomical clock. Wolfgang...
water-powered clocks – a 4th-century BC Greek clepsydra, an 11th-century Chinese water wheel clock and a 17th-century Swiss pendulumclock – plus a 17-note...
chain drives a conventional pendulumclock escapement, geared to the hands on the four faces. The steam also powers the clock's sound production, with whistles...
discovered that a crystal oscillator could be more accurate than a pendulumclock. The electronic circuit is an oscillator, an amplifier whose output...
shine behind the slits in the clock's face. The clock has many unexpected and innovative features; for example, the pendulum briefly stops at apparently...
K=2r C. Huygens, "The PendulumClock or Geometrical Demonstrations Concerning the Motion of Pendula (sic) as Applied to Clocks," Translated by R. J. Blackwell...
where one can adjust the speed of the clock and thus correct for clock drift. For instance, in pendulumclocks the clock drift can be manipulated by slightly...
silencing the clock from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. New Year's Eve 1962: The clock slowed due to heavy snow and ice on the hands, causing the pendulum to detach from...
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