Patriot War information

Patriot War
	Part of the Rebellions of 1837–1838
	; Battle of the Windmill, Prescott
Date	January 8, 1838 – December 4, 1838; (10 months, 3 weeks and 5 days)
Location	Great Lakes Basin
Result	Anglo-American victory Defeat of Hunters' Lodges; Navy Island retaken; Republic of Canada collapses; Unification of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada and democratic reforms to lessen social unrest;
Belligerents
British Empire Upper Canada; United States	Republic of Canada; Hunters' Lodge
Commanders and leaders
Henry Dundas; Allan MacNab; Sheriff William Botsford Jarvis; Hugh Brady	Robert Nelson; Cyrille-Hector-Octave Côté; Charles Duncombe; William Lyon Mackenzie; Nils von Schoultz ; Donald McLeod
Casualties and losses
30 killed; 86 wounded	Hunters' Lodge:; 92 killed; 81 wounded; 222–243 captured; Republic of Canada:; Entire force captured

The Patriot War was a conflict along the Canada–United States border in which bands of raiders attacked the British colony of Upper Canada more than a dozen times between December 1837 and December 1838. This so-called war was not a conflict between nations; it was a war of ideas fought by like-minded people against British forces, with the British eventually allying with the US government against the Patriots.^[1]

Participants in the conflict were members of a secret association known as the Hunter's Lodge, formed in the United States in sympathy with the 1837 Rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada. The organization arose in Vermont among Lower Canadian refugees (the eastern division or Frères chasseurs) and spread westward under the influence of Dr Charles Duncombe and Donald McLeod, leaders of the short-lived Canadian Refugee Relief Association, and Scotland native William Lyon Mackenzie, drawing support from several different locations in North America and Europe. The Republic of Canada was also short-lived. After a heavy bombardment by the British on Navy Island, where the republic had been established, Mackenzie and his force of Canadian militia retreated to Buffalo, New York, where they were captured by the U.S. Army. On charges of violating the neutrality between the United States and the British Empire, they were sentenced to 18 months imprisonment. This brought to an end what the British viewed as an inconsequential and unsupported colonial rebellion. The organizations were made up of grass-roots armed militants whose goal was to overthrow British rule in Canada. Their dispersal involved the largest deployment of U.S. troops against their own citizens since the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794.^[2]

^ McLaughlin, Shaun J. (2013). The Patriot War Along the Michigan-Canada Border: Raiders and Rebels. Charleston, South Carolina: History Press. p. i. ISBN 978-1-62619-055-9.
^ Bonthius, Andrew (2003). "The Patriot War of 1837–1838: Locofocoism With a Gun?". Labour/Le Travail. 52: 10–11. doi:10.2307/25149383. JSTOR 25149383. S2CID 142863197.

[1] McLaughlin, Shaun J. (2013). The Patriot War Along the Michigan-Canada Border: Raiders and Rebels. Charleston, South Carolina: History Press. p. i. ISBN 978-1-62619-055-9.

[2] Bonthius, Andrew (2003). "The Patriot War of 1837–1838: Locofocoism With a Gun?". Labour/Le Travail. 52: 10–11. doi:10.2307/25149383. JSTOR 25149383. S2CID 142863197.

Patriot War information

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