Withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union
Glossary of terms
Background
European Communities Act
1975 EC membership referendum
UK rebate
Bruges speech
No. No. No.
Maastricht Rebels
Black Wednesday
European Union (Amendment) Act 2008
European Union Act 2011
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Timeline
Bloomberg speech
Jan 2013
Referendum Bill blocked
Jan 2014
European Parliament election
May 2014
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Renegotiation begins
Jun 2015
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Dec 2015
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Feb 2016
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Jun 2016
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Jul 2016
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Jul 2016
Article 50 judgement
Jan 2017
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Feb 2017
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Mar 2017
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Mar 2017
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2017 general election
Jun 2017
Brexit negotiations begin
Jun 2017
Withdrawal Act passed
Jun 2018
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Jul 2018
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July 2018
Withdrawal agreement released
Nov 2018
Scottish Continuity Bill blocked
Dec 2018
Meaningful votes
Jan–Mar 2019
Brexit delayed until 12 April
Mar 2019
Cooper–Letwin Act passed
Apr 2019
Brexit delayed until 31 October
Apr 2019
European Parliament election
May 2019
Theresa May resigns as PM
Jul 2019
Boris Johnson becomes PM
Jul 2019
Prorogation and annulment
Aug–Sep 2019
Benn Act passed
Sep 2019
Withdrawal agreement revised
Oct 2019
Brexit delayed until 31 January
Oct 2019
2019 general election
Dec 2019
Agreement Act passed
Jan 2020
UK leaves the European Union
Jan 2020
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Jan 2020
UK–EU trade deal agreed
Dec 2020
Future Relationship Act passed
Dec 2020
Scottish Continuity Act passed
Dec 2020
Implementation period ends
Dec 2020
New EU–UK relationship begins
Jan 2021
UK–EU trade deal ratified
Apr 2021
Windsor Framework released
Feb 2023
Windsor framework adopted
Mar 2023
EU portal
UK portal
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Part of a series of articles on
UK membership of the European Union (1973–2020)
Accession
Treaty of Accession 1972
1972 EC Act
1973 enlargement of the EC
1975 referendum
Referendum Act (results)
Treaty amendments
Single European Act, 1986
(UK ratification)
Maastricht Treaty, 1992
(UK ratification)
Treaty of Amsterdam, 1997
(UK ratification)
Treaty of Nice, 2001
(UK ratification)
Treaty of Lisbon, 2007
(UK ratification)
Related:
2011 UK Act on new EU Treaty amendments
EU-related British Acts
Proposed European Constitution referendum
European Union Bill 2004–2005
MEPs for UK constituencies
Members 1973–1979
(elected by parliament)
Members 1979–1984
(1979 election)
Members 1984–1989
(1984 election)
Members 1989–1994
(1989 election)
Members 1994–1999
(1994 election)
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Issues and events
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Black Wednesday
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United Kingdom opt-outs from EU legislation
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Balance of Competences Review
Withdrawal
2015 UK general election
2015–2016 membership renegotiation
2016 EU membership referendum
Vote Leave
Britain Stronger in Europe
Notification of withdrawal
2017 UK general election
Brexit negotiations
Impact of Brexit
Future relationship
Withdrawal agreement
No-deal Brexit
Impact on Irish border
Northern Ireland Protocol
Parliamentary votes
Proposed second referendum
2019 UK general election
EU portal
UK portal
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Parliamentary votes on Brexit, sometimes referred to as "meaningful votes", were the parliamentary votes under the terms of Section 13 of the United Kingdom's European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018, which requires the government of the United Kingdom to bring forward an amendable parliamentary motion at the end of the Article 50 negotiations between the government and the European Union in order to ratify the Brexit withdrawal agreement.[1][2]
The wording of the clause[note 1] was strongly contested by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords, with the Lords proposing an amendment to the bill giving further powers to parliament. When the bill returned to the Commons the Conservative government offered concessions and the Lords' proposed amendment was defeated. The bill was then passed into law on 26 June 2018.[3]
By the end of March 2019, the government had not won any of the meaningful votes. This led to a series of non-binding "indicative votes" on potential options for Brexit, and the delay of the departure date until after the 2019 general election.
^Maer, Lucinda (19 June 2018). "2. Continuing areas of debate: 2.1 Meaningful vote" (PDF). In Maer, Lucinda (ed.). European Union (Withdrawal) Bill 2017–19: Ping Pong. Commons Briefing Papers: CBP-8345. House of Commons Library. pp. 5–9. Retrieved 7 August 2018. There are four remaining areas where the two Houses are yet to agree on the text of the Bill: Meaningful vote: the House of Lords amended the Bill on a division to require that the Government bring forward an amendable motion at the end of the Article 50 negotiations ... Of these four areas, only the 'meaningful vote' proposal was made on a division, with the Government defeated. The other three proposals were brought forward by Government Ministers. Summary.
^"Parliament's 'meaningful vote' on Brexit". instituteforgovernment.org.uk. Institute for Government. 3 December 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
^"Ministers win key Brexit bill vote after concession". BBC News. 12 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
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