This article is about the urban architecture form. For the electrical engineering term, see Dqo transformation. For the type of independent government body dedicated to operating parks, see park district.
The County of London Park System, planned by Patrick Abercrombie in 1943-4
A park system, also known as an open space system, is a network of green spaces that are connected by public walkways, bridleways or cycleways. The concept first emerged with the need to minimize fragmentation of natural environments and was referred to as "patch and corridor."[1] In modern landscape architecture, the park system is collaborating with the idea of planning greenways, which run through urban and rural areas. These systems can serve the landscape through ecological, recreational, social, cultural, and healthful measures, and are designed with intentions of sustainability.[1]
One of the earliest park systems, in London, came into existence by chance. As London expanded around former royal parks in the nineteenth century, St. James's Park, Green Park and Hyde Park became part of the urban area. This arrangement was admired in France and adopted for the nineteenth century re-planning of Paris by Baron Haussmann. It was also admired by Frederick Law Olmsted and used to create the famous Emerald Necklace in Boston. Another example is Ebenezer Howard's Adirondack Park concept. These green networks were part of the nineteenth century Garden City Movement.[2]
In 1927, the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission was formed to plan and acquire parklands along stream valley corridors in the then-rural northern and eastern suburbs of Washington, D.C. Over 33,000 acres (130 km2) are now protected in the Montgomery County, Maryland portion and provide welcome green space in this urbanized region. A major proposal for a park system was included in Patrick Abercrombie's 1943-4 County of London Plan.
The largest continuous urban parks system in North America is the North Saskatchewan River valley parks system in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, which is 7,400 ha (18,000 acres) in size and 48 km (30 mi) in length, and also includes 22 ravines, which have a combined total length of 103 km (64 mi).[3] The largest urban parks system in Australia is the Western Sydney Parklands, which is 5,280 ha (13,000 acres) in size and 27 km (17 mi) in length.[4]
^ abAhern, Jack (1995). "Greenways as a Planning Strategy" (PDF). Landscape and Urban Planning. 33 (1–3): 131–155. doi:10.1016/0169-2046(95)02039-v.
^Zube, Ervin H. (1995). "Greenways and the U.S. National Park System" (PDF). Landscape and Urban Planning. 33 (1–3): 17–25. doi:10.1016/0169-2046(94)02011-4.
^"Ribbon of Green: North Saskatchewan River Valley and Ravine System Master Plan" (PDF). City of Edmonton. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
^"Western Sydney Regional Park Draft Plan of Management" (PDF). NSW Government. Retrieved 16 May 2013. It is approximately 5,280 hectares in size and is the largest urban park in Australia
A parksystem, also known as an open space system, is a network of green spaces that are connected by public walkways, bridleways or cycleways. The concept...
Designation of National ParkSystem Units (national monument vs national park, etc.) National ParkSystem Timeline The National Parks: America's Best Idea...
of the National ParkSystem of the United States is the collection of physical properties owned or administered by the National Park Service. As of December...
Olmsted ParkSystem may refer to: Emerald Necklace, Boston and Brookline, Massachusetts, also known as Olmsted ParkSystem (and listed on the National...
National ParkSystem can be broadly referred to as national parks, but most have other formal designations. A bill creating the first national park, Yellowstone...
The California State Parkssystem (Spanish: Parques Estatales de California) is the public parksystem of California. The system is administered by the...
Gold Medal honoring the best state parksystem in the country in 1999 and 2005 from the National Recreation and Park Association. They were also finalists...
The National ParkSystem of the United States is the collection of physical properties owned or administered by the National Park Service. The collection...
A national park is a natural park in use for conservation purposes, created and protected by national governments. Often it is a reserve of natural, semi-natural...
Valley and its surrounding areas as a National Park. This helped pave the way for the National ParkSystem. Yosemite draws about four million visitors annually...
Saskatchewan River valley parkssystem, also known as the Ribbon of Green or the River Valley Parks, is a continuous collection of urban parks around the North...
acres (830 ha). Management of Fairmount Park and the entire citywide parksystem is overseen by Philadelphia Parks & Recreation, a city department created...
Washington State ParkSystem is a set of state parks owned by the state government of Washington, USA. They are managed by the Washington State Parks and Recreation...
parklands – national, state, provincial, or local parks. "Parks" may be broadly defined by some systems in this context, and include protected culturally...
the national parkssystem is to set aside lands representing the country's 39 distinct natural regions described in the National ParksSystem Plan, primarily...
Tour). The park is home to the September 11th Memorial for residents of Nassau County. Part of the county parksystem since 1944, Eisenhower Park offers a...
and national park reserves. Canada established its first national park in Banff in 1885, and has since expanded its national parksystem to include 37...
Southwest Corridor Park Rose Kennedy Greenway "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January...
Jersey Division of Parks and Forestry manages a public parksystem which consists of over 50 protected areas designated as state parks, state forests, recreation...
Redwood National Park, Del Norte Coast Redwoods State Park, Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, and Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. The parks' 139,000 acres...
the most visited in the National ParkSystem, ranking as the third most visited national park in 2015. In 2019, the park saw record attendance yet again...
areas known as the North Carolina State ParkSystem, which is managed by the North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation (NCDPR), an agency of the...
is provincial park. Similar systems of local government maintained parks exist in other countries, but the terminology varies. State parks are thus similar...
U.S. National ParkSystem. The National Park Service began the work of establishing the national park in July 1987. The National Park of American Samoa...
Illinois state parksystem began in 1908 with what is now Fort Massac State Park becoming the first park in a system encompassing over 60 parks and about the...
There are 67 state parks, nine state recreation areas, nine state waysides, and 23 state trails in the Minnesota state parksystem, totaling approximately...
Alaska’s state parksystem is managed by the Alaska Department of Natural Resources division of Parks and Outdoor Recreation. The system contains over...
Global Information