Character from Gargantua and Pantagruel by François Rabelais
Panurge captured by the Turcs. (etching by Gustave Doré)
Panurge (from Greek: πανοῦργος / panoûrgos meaning "knave, rogue") is one of the principal characters in Gargantua and Pantagruel, a series of five novels by François Rabelais. Especially important in the third and fourth books, he is an exceedingly crafty knave, libertine and coward.[1]
In Chapter 9 of the second book, he shows that he can speak many languages (German, Italian, Scottish, Dutch, Spanish, Danish, Hebrew, Greek, Latin and French), including some of the first examples of a constructed language.
In French, reference to Panurge occurs in the phrase mouton de Panurge [fr], which describes an individual who will blindly follow others regardless of the consequences. This, after a story in which Panurge buys a sheep from the merchant Dindenault and then, as a revenge for being overcharged, throws the sheep into the sea. The rest of the sheep in the herd follow the first over the side of the boat, in spite of the best efforts of the shepherd.
Suddenly, I do not know how, it happened, I did not have time to think, Panurge, without another word, threw his sheep, crying and bleating, into the sea. All the other sheep, crying and bleating in the same intonation, started to throw themselves in the sea after it, all in a line. The herd was such that once one jumped, so jumped its companions. It was not possible to stop them, as you know, with sheep, it's natural to always follow the first one, wherever it may go.
— Francois Rabelais, Quart Livre, chapter VIII
^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "Panurge". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
Panurge (from Greek: πανοῦργος / panoûrgos meaning "knave, rogue") is one of the principal characters in Gargantua and Pantagruel, a series of five novels...
Books, 2000). The Sexual History of the World War (1930), New York City, Panurge Press, 1934; significantly abridged translation and adaptation of the original...
decline he wrote four other operas in his later years – Bacchus, Roma, Panurge and Cléopâtre. The last two, like Amadis, which he had been unable to finish...
dialogue. Pantagruel and Panurge discuss the latter's profligacy, and Pantagruel determines to pay his debts for him. Panurge, out of debt, becomes interested...
tasseomancy originated in the 20th and 21st centuries. The chapter "How Panurge consulteth with Herr Trippa" of Gargantua and Pantagruel, a parody on occult...
(Eulenspiegel) has been compared[citation needed] to Don Quixote, and even to Panurge. He is the type of the 16th-century Fleming, and the history of his resurrection...
C; Le Quellec, JL (2006). "La chasse au Bitard des étudiants poitevins: Panurge bachelier" (PDF). Études rabelaisiennes (in French). L'ordre du bitard...
Testament of Orpheus Minerva Terrain vague the salesgirl 1961 Les Moutons de Panurge Monique Uncredited 1962 The Seven Deadly Sins the new waitress (segment...
Coquecigrole André Berthomieu 1932 The Lacquered Box Henriette Stenay Jean Kemm Panurge Régine Michel Bernheim 1933 Honeymoon Trip Minor Role Germain Fried and...
girlfriend of Mister Mxyzptlk from the fifth dimension in the Superman comics.. Panurge - Companion of the Giant Pantagruel in the books of Francois Rabelais....
Naouri), while the Third Massenet Festival in 1994 brought revivals of Panurge, and Le Cid. In 2003 the 7th Festival included Sapho, conducted by Laurent...
translation attributed to Oscar Wilde", 1927, Chicago: P. Covici; 1930, Panurge Press. Available online as the translation of Alfred R. Allinson. Michael...
Retrieved May 13, 2018. Rzewski, Frederic. Coming Together / Les Moutons de Panurge / Attica. Opus One: 20. Thompson, Heather Ann (June 7, 2017). "Editorial:...
it was too long. It was inspired by Frederic Rzewski's Les Moutons de Panurge, which Nyman often played with the Scratch Orchestra. The album was first...
Virgins". In 1995 she published a book of short stories, Bloodlines with Panurge Press, and many of these stories were broadcast on BBC Radio 4. In 1998...
congress were Chekri Ganem and the Moutran brothers, the rest were moutons de Panurge. While the Congress was not ultimately successful in its proposed aims...
tuberculosis at the age of 58. Director Les pique-assiette (1960) Les Moutons de Panurge (1960) Les Livreurs (1961) People in Luck (1963) Les Bricoleurs (1963)...
Contrebandière - 1981 Les drolatiques, horrifiques et épouvantables aventures de Panurge, ami de Pantagruel - 1981 La Gribouille - 1982 Crache à pic - 1984 Garrochés...
discovery in the Bibliothèque d'Orléans of The Adventures and Marriage of Panurge, a play by Pousset de Montauban that had remained unknown for 250 years...
Global Information
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "Panurge". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.
