Global InformationPalestinians information
الفلسطينيون (Arabic) al-Filasṭīniyyūn | |
|---|---|
 Flag of Palestine | |
| Total population | |
| 14.3 million[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 State of Palestine | |
| 5,350,000[1] | |
| – West Bank | 3,190,000[1] (of whom 809,738 are registered refugees as of 2017)[2][3][4] |
| – Gaza Strip | 2,170,000 (of whom 1,386,455 are registered refugees as of 2018)[1][5][2][3] |
 Jordan | 2,175,491 (2017, registered refugees only)[2]–3,240,000 (2009)[6] |
 Israel | 2,037,000 [7] |
 Syria | 568,530 (2021, registered refugees only)[2] |
 Chile | 500,000[8][dead link][dubious ] |
 Saudi Arabia | 400,000[9] |
 Qatar | 295,000[9] |
 United States | 255,000[10] |
 United Arab Emirates | 200,000[11] |
 Lebanon | 174,000 (2017 census)[12]–458,369 (2016, registered refugees)[2] |
 Honduras | 27,000–200,000[9][13] |
 Germany | 100,000[14] |
 Kuwait | 80,000[15] |
 Egypt | 70,000[9] |
 El Salvador | 70,000[16] |
 Brazil | 59,000[17] |
 Libya | 59,000[9] |
 Iraq | 57,000[18] |
 Canada | 50,975[19] |
 Yemen | 29,000[9] |
 United Kingdom | 20,000[20] |
 Peru | 15,000[citation needed] |
 Mexico | 13,000[9] |
 Colombia | 12,000[9] |
 Netherlands | 9,000–15,000[21] |
 Australia | 7,000 (est.) [a][22][23] |
 Sweden | 7,000[24] |
 Algeria | 4,030[25] |
| Languages | |
| In Palestine and Israel: Arabic, Hebrew, English Diaspora: Local varieties of Arabic and languages of host countries for the Palestinian diaspora | |
| Religion | |
| Majority: Sunni Islam Minority: Christianity (various denominations), non-denominational Islam, Druzism, Samaritanism,[26][27] Shia Islam[28] | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Jordanians, Lebanese, Syrians and other Arabs[29] | |
Palestinians (Arabic: الفلسطينيون, al-Filasṭīniyyūn; Hebrew: פָלַסְטִינִים, Fālasṭīnīm) or Palestinian people (الشعب الفلسطيني, ash-sha‘b al-Filasṭīnī), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs (العرب الفلسطينيون, al-ʿArab al-Filasṭīniyyūn), are an ethnonational group[30][31][32][33][34][35][36] descending from peoples who have inhabited the region of Palestine over the millennia, and who today are culturally and linguistically Arab.[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]
Despite various wars and exoduses, roughly one half of the world's Palestinian population continues to reside in the territory of former Mandatory Palestine, now encompassing Israel and the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.[46] In Israel proper, Palestinians constitute almost 21 percent of the population as part of its Arab citizens.[47] Many are Palestinian refugees or internally displaced Palestinians, including more than a million in the Gaza Strip,[48] around 750,000 in the West Bank,[49] and around 250,000 in Israel proper. Of the Palestinian population who live abroad, known as the Palestinian diaspora, more than half are stateless, lacking legal citizenship in any country.[50] 2.1 million of the diaspora population are registered as refugees in neighboring Jordan, most of whom hold Jordanian citizenship;[51][52] over 1 million live between Syria and Lebanon, and about 750,000 live in Saudi Arabia, with Chile holding the largest Palestinian diaspora concentration (around half a million) outside of the Arab world.
In 1919, Palestinian Muslims and Palestinian Christians constituted 90 percent of the population of Palestine, just before the third wave of Jewish immigration and the setting up of British Mandatory Palestine after World War I.[53][54] Opposition to Jewish immigration spurred the consolidation of a unified national identity, though Palestinian society was still fragmented by regional, class, religious, and family differences.[55][56] The history of the Palestinian national identity is a disputed issue amongst scholars.[57][58] For some, the term "Palestinian" is used to refer to the nationalist concept of a Palestinian people by Palestinian Arabs from the late 19th century and in the pre-World War I period, while others assert the Palestinian identity encompasses the heritage of all eras from biblical times up to the Ottoman period.[43][44][59] After the Israeli Declaration of Independence, the 1948 Palestinian expulsion, and more so after the 1967 Palestinian exodus, the term "Palestinian" evolved into a sense of a shared future in the form of aspirations for a Palestinian state.[43]
Founded in 1964, the Palestine Liberation Organization is an umbrella organization for groups that represent the Palestinian people before international states.[60] The Palestinian National Authority, officially established in 1994 as a result of the Oslo Accords, is an interim administrative body nominally responsible for governance in Palestinian population centres in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.[61] Since 1978, the United Nations has observed an annual International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. According to British historian Perry Anderson, it is estimated that half of the population in the Palestinian territories are refugees, and that they have collectively suffered approximately US$300 billion in property losses due to Israeli confiscations, at 2008–2009 prices.[62]
- ^ a b c d "Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) Presents the Conditions of Palestinian Populations on the Occasion of the International Population Day, 11/07/2022" Archived 27 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) 7 July 2022
- ^ a b c d e "Where We Work UNRWA". UNRWA. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ a b 'PCBS reports Palestinian population growth to 4.81 million,' Archived 13 July 2016 at the Wayback Machine Ma'an News Agency 11 July 2016.
- ^ 'The World Fact Book Archived 22 July 2021 at the Wayback Machine CIA July 2015.
- ^ 'PCBS: The Palestinians at the end of 2015,' Archived 3 May 2023 at the Wayback Machine 30 December 2015
- ^ "Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) Press Release" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ "Israel's population approaches 9.7 million as 2022 comes to an end" Archived 2 June 2023 at the Wayback Machine, The Times of Israel 10 December 2022
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laventana1was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d e f g h "The Arab, Palestinian people group is reported in 25 countries". Joshua Project. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2016.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 27 December 1996. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
- ^ "Palestinians Living in UAE Uncertain Over Peace Deal With Israel". The Media Line. 16 August 2020. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ "Lebanon conducts first-ever census of Palestinian refugees". 21 December 2017. Archived from the original on 24 December 2017. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ Jorge Alberto Amaya, Los Árabes y Palestinos en Honduras: su establecimiento e impacto en la sociedad hondureña contemporánea:1900–2009 Archived 18 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine 23 July 2015.'En suma, los árabes y palestinos, arribados al país a finales del siglo XIX, dominan hoy en día la economía del país, y cada vez están emergiendo como actores importantes de la clase política hondureña y forman, después de Chile, la mayor concentración de descendientes de palestinos en América Latina, con entre 150,000 y 200,000 personas.'
- ^ "Inside Berlin's famous Palestinian neighbourhood". Middle East Eye. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ "Palestinians Open Kuwaiti Embassy". Al Monitor. 23 May 2013. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
- ^ "El Salvador's Palestinian connection". 26 February 2006. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ "test0.com". Archived from the original on 23 March 2009.
- ^ "Factsheet: Palestinian Refugees in Iraq". Archived from the original on 20 July 2009. Retrieved 16 June 2009.
- ^ "Ethnic Origin (247), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agg." 2.statcan.ca. Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 22 April 2009.
- ^ "The Palestinian Diaspora in Europe". Archived from the original on 24 August 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2011.
- ^ "Did you know that ... Palestinians in the Netherlands – Palestine Link". Archived from the original on 4 November 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
- ^ "Handing on the key" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 November 2012. Retrieved 21 May 2011.
- ^ "Australians' Ancestries" (PDF). Archived from the original on 11 March 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ Miguel Benito. "Palestinier". Archived from the original on 29 July 2013.
- ^ "2013 UNHCR country operations profile – Algeria". United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 2013. Archived from the original on 21 May 2020. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
- ^ Mor, M., Reiterer, F. V., & Winkler, W. (2010). Samaritans: Past and present: Current studies. Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 217.
- ^ Miller, Elhanan (26 April 2013). "Clinging to ancient traditions, the last Samaritans keep the faith". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 28 March 2020. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
- ^ Chapter 1: Religious Affiliation Archived 21 May 2020 at the Wayback Machine retrieved 4 September 2013
- ^ Hajjej, Abdelhafidh; Almawi, Wassim Y.; Arnaiz-Villena, Antonio; Hattab, Lasmar; Hmida, Slama (9 March 2018). "The genetic heterogeneity of Arab populations as inferred from HLA genes". PLOS ONE. 13 (3): e0192269. Bibcode:2018PLoSO..1392269H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192269. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5844529. PMID 29522542.
- ^ Wittes, Tamara Cofman. 2005. How Israelis and Palestinians Negotiate: A Cross-cultural Analysis Archived 29 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine. US Institute of Peace Press. p. 5. "But given that the groups we are concerned with (Israelis and Palestinians) are ethnonational groups, their political cultures are heavily shaped by their ethnonational identities."
- ^ Jabareen, Hassan. 2002. "The Future of Arab Citizenship in Israel:Jewish-Zionist Time in as Place with No Palestinian memory." In Challenging Ethnic Citizenship: German and Israeli Perspectives on Immigration Archived 29 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, edited by D. Levy and Y. Weiss. Berghahn Books. p. 214. "This blurring has led to a situation in which characteristics of the State of Israel are presented as characteristics of a nation-state, even though (de facto) it is a binational state, and Palestinian citizens are presented as an ethnic minority group although they are a homeland majority."
- ^ Hussain, Mir Zohair, and Stephan Shumock. 2006. "Ethnonationalism: A Concise Overview" Archived 29 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine. In Perspectives on Contemporary Ethnic Conflict: Primal Violence Or the Politics of Conviction, edited by S. C. Saha. Lexington Books. pp. 269ff, 284: "The Palestinians...are an ethnic minority in their country of residence."
- ^ Nasser, Riad. 2013. Palestinian Identity in Jordan and Israel: The Necessary 'Others' in the Making of a Nation Archived 29 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Routledge: "What is noteworthy here is the use of a general category 'Arabs', instead of a more specific one of 'Palestinians.' By turning to a general category, the particularity of Palestinians, among other ethnic and national groups, is erased and in its place Jordanian identity is implanted."
- ^ Haklai, Oded (15 June 2011). Palestinian Ethnonationalism in Israel. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-0439-1. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
...throughout the 1990s and 2000s a growing number of PAI political organizations have been increasingly promoting Palestinian consciousness, advancing ethnonationalist objectives, and demanding recognition of collective group rights.
- ^ Abu-Rayya, Hisham Motkal; Abu-Rayya, Maram Hussien (2009). "Acculturation, religious identity, and psychological well-being among Palestinians in Israel". International Journal of Intercultural Relations. 33 (4): 325–331. doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2009.05.006.
- ^ Moilanen-Miller, Heather. "The Construction of Identity through Tradition: Palestinians in the Detroit Metro Area". International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Science: 143–150. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
- ^ "Palestine Nationalism: A. Search for Roots". The New York Times. 19 February 1978. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
The Palestinians are an Arab people, largely Moslem but with important numbers of Christians, who live in, once lived in, or trace their descent through parents or grandparents to the land once known as Palestine, which came under a British mandate in 1922 and now is the land of Israel, the West Bank of the Jordan and the Gaza Strip.
- ^ Yakobson, Alexander; Rubinstein, Amnon (2009). Israel and the Family of Nations: The Jewish Nation-state and Human Rights. Taylor & Francis. p. 179. ISBN 978-0-415-46441-3. Archived from the original on 2 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
Of course, the notion that the Palestinians are an Arab people, an integral part of the Arab world ('the Arab nation'), is wholly legitimate and natural, given the history and culture of the people in question.
- ^ Wilmer, Franke (15 January 2021). Breaking Cycles of Violence in Israel and Palestine: Empathy and Peacemaking in the Middle East. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-7936-2352-2. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
People know who they are, where they live, and where their families have lived for centuries or millennia
- ^ Dowty, Alan (2008). Israel/Palestine. London, UK: Polity. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-7456-4243-7. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
Palestinians are the descendants of all the indigenous peoples who lived in Palestine over the centuries; since the seventh century, they have been predominantly Muslim in religion and almost completely Arab in language and culture.
- ^ Abu-Libdeh, Bassam, Peter D. Turnpenny, and Ahmed Teebi. 2012. "Genetic Disease in Palestine and Palestinians". Pp. 700–11 in Genomics and Health in the Developing World, edited by D. Kumar. Oxford University Press. p. 700: "Palestinians are an indigenous people who either live in, or originate from, historical Palestine.... Although the Muslims guaranteed security and allowed religious freedom to all inhabitants of the region, the majority converted to Islam and adopted Arab culture."
- ^ Khalidi, Rashid Ismail, et al. [1999] 2020. "Palestine § From the Arab Conquest to 1900" Archived 30 October 2023 at the Wayback Machine. Encyclopædia Britannica. "The process of Arabization and Islamization was gaining momentum there. It was one of the mainstays of Umayyad power and was important in their struggle against both Iraq and the Arabian Peninsula.... Conversions arising from convenience as well as conviction then increased. These conversions to Islam, together with a steady tribal inflow from the desert, changed the religious character of Palestine's inhabitants. The predominantly Christian population gradually became predominantly Muslim and Arabic-speaking. At the same time, during the early years of Muslim control of the city, a small permanent Jewish population returned to Jerusalem after a 500-year absence."
- ^ a b c "Palestine". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 29 August 2007.
The Arabs of Palestine began widely using the term Palestinian starting in the pre–World War I period to indicate the nationalist concept of a Palestinian people. But after 1948—and even more so after 1967—for Palestinians themselves the term came to signify not only a place of origin but also, more importantly, a sense of a shared past and future in the form of a Palestinian state.
- ^ a b Bernard Lewis (1999). Semites and Anti-Semites, An Inquiry into Conflict and Prejudice. W.W. Norton and Company. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-393-31839-5.
- ^ Parkes, James. [1949] 1970. Whose Land? A History of the Peoples of Palestine (rev. ed.) Penguin. pp. 209–10: "the word 'Arab' needs to be used with care. It is applicable to the Bedouin and to a section of the urban and effendi classes; it is inappropriate as a description of the rural mass of the population, the fellaheen. The whole population spoke Arabic, usually corrupted by dialects bearing traces of words of other origin, but it was only the Bedouin who habitually thought of themselves as Arabs. Western travelers from the sixteenth century onwards make the same distinction, and the word 'Arab' almost always refers to them exclusively.... Gradually it was realized that there remained a substantial stratum of the pre-Israelite peasantry, and that the oldest element among the peasants were not 'Arabs' in the sense of having entered the country with or after the conquerors of the seventh century, had been there already when the Arabs came."
- ^ Melvin Ember; Carol R. Ember; Ian A. Skoggard (2005). Encyclopedia of Diasporas: Immigrant and Refugee Cultures Around the World. Springer. pp. 234–. ISBN 978-0-306-48321-9. Archived from the original on 29 November 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2013.
- ^ Alan Dowty, Critical issues in Israeli society, Greenwood (2004), p. 110
- ^ "Where We Work – Gaza Strip". UNRWA. 1 September 2013. Archived from the original on 25 April 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
- ^ "Where We Work – West Bank". UNRWA. 1 January 2012. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
- ^ Arzt, Donna E. (1997). Refugees into Citizens – Palestinians and the end of the Arab-Israeli conflict. Council on Foreign Relations. p. 74. ISBN 978-0-87609-194-4.
- ^ "Jordan". UNRWA. Archived from the original on 31 March 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
- ^ "Palestinians at the end of 2012" (PDF). Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. 2009. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
- ^ Kathleen Christison, Perceptions of Palestine: Their Influence on U.S. Middle East Policy, University of California Press, 2001 p.32.
- ^ Alfred J. Andrea, James H. Overfield, The Human Record: Sources of Global History, Volume II: Since 1500, Cengage Learning, 2011 7th.ed. op,437.
- ^ Rashid Khalidi,pp.24–26
- ^ Paul Scham, Walid Salem, Benjamin Pogrund (eds.), Shared Histories: A Palestinian-Israeli Dialogue Archived 29 November 2023 at the Wayback Machine, Left Coast Press, 2005 pp.69–73.
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Palestinian nationalism emerged during the interwar period in response to Zionist immigration and settlement. The fact that Palestinian nationalism developed later than Zionism and indeed in response to it does not in any way diminish the legitimacy of Palestinian nationalism or make it less valid than Zionism. All nationalisms arise in opposition to some "other". Why else would there be the need to specify who you are? And all nationalisms are defined by what they oppose. As we have seen, Zionism itself arose in reaction to anti-Semitic and exclusionary nationalist movements in Europe. It would be perverse to judge Zionism as somehow less valid than European anti-Semitism or those nationalisms. . . Furthermore, Zionism itself was also defined by its opposition to the indigenous Palestinian inhabitants of the region. Both the "conquest of land" and the "conquest of labor" slogans that became central to the dominant strain of Zionism in the Yishuv originated as a result of the Zionist confrontation with the Palestinian "other".
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Khalidip18was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Who Represents the Palestinians Officially Before the World Community?". Institute for Middle East Understanding. 2007. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 27 July 2007.
- ^ "Palestinian Authority definition". TheFreeDictionary.com. Archived from the original on 15 August 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ^ Perry Anderson, 'The House of Zion' Archived 1 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine, New Left Review 96, November–December 2015 pp. 5–37, p.31 n.55, citing Rex Brynen and Roula E-Rifai (eds.), Compensation to Palestinian Refugees and the Search for Palestinian-Israeli Peace, London 2013, pp.10,132–69.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).