Old Anatolian Turkish[note 4] Ottoman Turkish[note 5]
Religion
Sunni Islam (majority) Alevism (minority)
Related ethnic groups
Turkish people
^Muslims of the Ottoman Empire, excluding the Vilayet of the Hejaz.
^Muslims of the Ottoman Empire, excluding the Vilayet of the Hejaz.
^Muslims of Anatolia and some parts of the Balkans.
^Among peasantry and non-elite urban population.
^In literature and by elites.
The Ottoman Turks (Turkish: Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group. Originally from Central Asia, they migrated to Anatolia in the 13th century and founded the Ottoman Empire, in which they remained socio-politically dominant for the entirety of the six centuries that it existed. Their descendants are the present-day Turkish people, who comprise the majority of the population in the Republic of Turkey, which was established shortly after the end of World War I.
Reliable information about the early history of the Ottoman Turks remains scarce, but they take their Turkish name Osmanlı from Osman I, who founded the House of Osman alongside the Ottoman Empire; the name "Osman" was altered to "Ottoman" when it was transliterated into some European languages over time. The Ottoman principality, expanding from Söğüt, gradually began incorporating other Turkish-speaking Muslims and non-Turkish Christians into their realm. By the 1350s, they had begun crossing into Europe and eventually came to dominate the Mediterranean Sea. In 1453, the fall of Constantinople, which had served as the capital city of the Byzantine Empire, enabled the Ottoman Turks to control all major land routes between Asia and Europe. This development forced Western Europeans to find other ways to trade with Asians.[2][3][4] Following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, the Ottoman Turkish identity ceased to exist; the Ottoman Turkish language, which was written using the Perso-Arabic script, developed into the modern Latinized Turkish language.
^Shaw, Stanford (1978). "The Ottoman Census System and Population, 1831-1914". Cambridge. JSTOR 162768.
^
Tolan, John; Veinstein, Gilles; Henry Laurens (2013). Europe and the Islamic World: A History. Princeton University Press. pp. 167–188. ISBN 978-0-691-14705-5.
^
İnalcık, Halil (1989). "Chapter VII. The Ottoman Turks and the Crusades, 1329-1451". In Zacour, N. P., and Hazard, H. W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades: Volume VI. The Impact of the Crusades on Europe. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press. pp.175-221.
^
İnalcık, Halil (1989). "Chapter VII. The Ottoman Turks and the Crusades, 1451-1522". In Zacour, N. P., and Hazard, H. W. (ed.). A History of the Crusades: Volume VI. The Impact of the Crusades on Europe. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 311-353.
The OttomanTurks (Turkish: Osmanlı Türkleri) were a Turkic ethnic group. Originally from Central Asia, they migrated to Anatolia in the 13th century...
victorious OttomanTurks. As the Turks expanded into the Balkans, the conquest of Constantinople became a crucial objective. The Ottomans had already...
Ivan Shishman lost Nicopolis to the Ottomans. In 1394, Pope Boniface IX proclaimed a new Crusade against the Turks, although the Western Schism had split...
During the decline and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, Muslim inhabitants (including Turks, Kurds, Albanians, Bosniaks, Circassians, Serb Muslims,...
The Young Turks (Ottoman Turkish: ژون تركلر, romanized: Jön Türkler, from French: Jeunes-Turcs; also كنج تركلر Genç Türkler) was a broad opposition movement...
themselves as Ottomans, not as Turks. In the late 19th century, as the Ottoman upper classes adopted European ideas of nationalism, the term Türk took on a...
known as the Ottomans (Turkish: Osmanlılar). According to Ottoman tradition, the family originated from the Kayı tribe branch of the Oghuz Turks, under Osman...
per-eminant Young Turk organization.[citation needed] While the Young Turks were in consensus that some reform was required for Ottomanism, the idea of national...
are the Bulgarian Turks in Turkey. Bulgarian Turks are the descendants of Turkish settlers who entered the region after the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans...
intermittently, Moldavia, became tributary principalities of the Ottoman Empire. In the east, the OttomanTurks took Baghdad from the Persians in 1535, gaining control...
of the Ottoman Empire Osmanoğlu family, modern members of the family Ottoman Caliphate 1517–1924 OttomanTurks, a Turkic ethnic group Ottoman architecture...
at the hands of the OttomanTurks. Christian rule lasted then until 1551, when Tripoli was besieged and conquered by famed Ottoman admirals Sinan Pasha...
The Turks in Europe (sometimes called Euro-Turks; Turkish: Avrupa'daki Türkler or Avrupa'da yaşayan Türkler or Avrupa Türkleri) refers to Turkic peoples...
inhabitants of Constantinople "Turks" would thus have been regarded as insulting. In the early modern period, many OttomanTurks, especially those who lived...
Cypriots or Cypriot Turks (Turkish: Kıbrıs Türkleri or Kıbrıslı Türkler; Greek: Τουρκοκύπριοι, romanized: Tourkokýprioi) are ethnic Turks originating from...
the Turks a permanent foothold on the European side of the Dardanelles Straits. He also started to settle migrant Turcomans and town-dwelling Turks in...
Oghuz Turks. Byzantine sources call them Uzes (Οὖζοι, Ouzoi). The term Oghuz was gradually supplanted by the terms Turkmen and Turcoman (Ottoman Turkish:...
Meskhetian Turks, also referred to as Turkish Meskhetians, Ahiska Turks, and Turkish Ahiskans, (Turkish: Ahıska Türkleri; Georgian: მესხეთის თურქები Meskhetis...
The Turks in Algeria, also commonly referred to as Algerian Turks, Algerian-Turkish Algero-Turkish and Turkish-Algerians were the ethnic Turkish and renegades...
attached to the office rested with the Young Turks. As World War I broke out in Europe, the Young Turks struck an alliance with Germany, a move that would...
Constantinople and Thessalonica). Whether under Ottoman control or as independent ghazi or akinji warrior bands, the Turks seized Demotika (Didymoteicho) in 1360...
British Turks (Turkish: Britanyalı Türkler) or Turks in the United Kingdom (Turkish: Birleşik Krallık'taki Türkler) are Turkish people who have immigrated...
Enlightenment. Cambridge, MA. MIT Press. Pp. 101-133. Armies of the OttomanTurks 1300-1774 By David Nicolle, Angus McBride Page 18 Firearms of the Islamic...
Turks in Germany, also referred to as German Turks and Turkish Germans (German: Türken in Deutschland/Deutschtürken; Turkish: Alamancılar), are ethnic...
fended off successive attacks by the Latins, Serbs, Bulgarians and OttomanTurks.[page needed][page needed] Between 1346 and 1349, the Black Death killed...
the Ottoman Civil War of 1402–13. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15836-8. Magoulias, Harry, ed. (1975). Decline and Fall of Byzantium to the OttomanTurks, by...
Global Information
Ottoman Empire (esp. Anatolia)[1]