Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin (left), American president Bill Clinton (middle), and Palestinian political leader Yasser Arafat (right) at the White House in 1993
Type
Bilateral negotiations
Context
Israeli–Palestinian peace process
Signed
13 September 1993 (Declaration of Principles)
Location
Washington, D.C. (Oslo I) Taba (Oslo II)
Mediators
Norway
Parties
Israel PLO
Language
English
Hebrew
Arabic
Part of a series on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict
Israeli–Palestinian peace process
History
Camp David Accords
1978
Madrid Conference
1991
Oslo Accords
1993 / 95
Hebron Protocol
1997
Wye River Memorandum
1998
Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum
1999
Camp David Summit
2000
The Clinton Parameters
2000
Taba Summit
2001
Road Map
2003
Agreement on Movement and Access
2005
Annapolis Conference
2007
Mitchell-led talks
2010–11
Kerry-led talks
2013–14
Primary concerns
Final borders
Israeli settlements
Palestinian enclaves
Jewish state
Palestinian political violence
Palestinian refugees
Security concerns
Status of Jerusalem
Zionist political violence
Secondary concerns
Israeli West Bank barrier
Places of worship
Fatah–Hamas conflict
Water
Electricity
International brokers
The "Quartet"
(United Nations
United States
European Union
Russia)
Arab League
Egypt
Jordan
United Kingdom
France
Proposals
One-state solution:
Isratin Elon Peace Plan
Two-state solution:
Fahd Plan Allon Plan Arab Peace Initiative Geneva Initiative Lieberman Plan Israeli Peace Initiative Palestinian Prisoners' Document Trump Peace Plan
Three-state solution
Israeli unilateral plans:
Hafrada Disengagement Realignment
Projects / groups / NGOs
Peace-orientated projects
Israeli–Palestinian economic peace efforts
Valley of Peace
Middle East economic integration
Alliance for Middle East Peace
Peres Center for Peace
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The Oslo Accords are a pair of interim agreements between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO): the Oslo I Accord, signed in Washington, D.C., in 1993;[1] and the Oslo II Accord, signed in Taba, Egypt, in 1995.[2] They marked the start of the Oslo process, a peace process aimed at achieving a peace treaty based on Resolution 242 and Resolution 338 of the United Nations Security Council. The Oslo process began after secret negotiations in Oslo, Norway, resulting in both the recognition of Israel by the PLO and the recognition by Israel of the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people and as a partner in bilateral negotiations.
Among the notable outcomes of the Oslo Accords was the creation of the Palestinian National Authority, which was tasked with the responsibility of conducting limited Palestinian self-governance over parts of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip; and the international acknowledgement of the PLO as Israel's partner in permanent-status negotiations about any remaining issues revolving around the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. Bilateral dialogue stems from questions related to the international border between Israel and a future Palestinian state: negotiations for this subject are centered around Israeli settlements, the status of Jerusalem, Israel's maintenance of control over security following the establishment of Palestinian autonomy, and the Palestinian right of return. The Oslo Accords did not create a definite Palestinian state.[3]
A large portion of the Palestinian population, including various Palestinian militant groups, staunchly opposed the Oslo Accords; Palestinian-American philosopher Edward Said described them as a "Palestinian Versailles".[4] The peace process was strained by the Cave of the Patriarchs massacre as well as by Hamas suicide bombings and attacks.[5][6] Far-right Israelis also opposed the Oslo Accords, and Rabin was assassinated in 1995 by a right-wing Israeli extremist for signing them.[7][8] The Oslo process ended after the failure of the Camp David Summit in 2000 and the outbreak of the Second Intifada.
^"Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements". 15 November 2002. Archived from the original on 15 November 2002. Retrieved 11 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^"Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip". 15 November 2002. Archived from the original on 15 November 2002. Retrieved 11 December 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^Mideast accord: the overview; Rabin and Arafat sign accord ending Israel's 27-year hold on Jericho and the Gaza Strip Archived 9 December 2020 at the Wayback Machine. Chris Hedges, New York Times, 5 May 1994. Quote of Yitzhak Rabin: "We do not accept the Palestinian goal of an independent Palestinian state between Israel and Jordan. We believe there is a separate Palestinian entity short of a state."
^Anne Le More (31 March 2008). International Assistance to the Palestinians After Oslo: Political Guilt, Wasted Money. Routledge. p. 65. ISBN 978-1-134-05233-2. Archived from the original on 21 January 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2020. Oslo was opposed by the Islamic movements such as Hamas and Islamic Jihad, parties on the left such as the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) and the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), and also by intellectuals, mainstream politicians and former peace negotiators such as Haydar Abd al-Shafi, Karma Nabulsi and Edward Said. The latter famously described the agreement as...
^Cite error: The named reference hc was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference :1 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"What were the Oslo Accords between Israel and the Palestinians?". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
^"Israel-Palestine peace accord signed | September 13, 1993". HISTORY. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
The OsloAccords are a pair of interim agreements between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO): the Oslo I Accord, signed in Washington...
were conducted secretly in Oslo, Norway, hosted by the Fafo institute, and completed on 20 August 1993; the OsloAccords were subsequently officially...
Agreement. The OsloAccords envisioned the establishment of a Palestinian interim self-government in the Palestinian territories. Oslo II created the...
The Oslo II Accord divided the Israeli-occupied West Bank into three administrative divisions: the Palestinian enclaves as "Areas A and B" and the remainder...
Madrid Conference of 1991, the 1993 OsloAccords and the 2000 Camp David Summit. The success of the negotiations in Oslo led to Arafat being awarded the Nobel...
Yasser Arafat, declared the establishment of Palestine. Signing of the OsloAccords in the 1990s, negotiated between Israel and the PLO, aimed to establish...
eight of which had been members of the PLO, which was opposed to the OsloAccords process. PFLP withdrew from APF in 1998. Currently, the PFLP is boycotting...
original text related to this article: Camp David Accords Text of the Accords, Israeli government Text of Accords and additional material, Carter Library Israel's...
After the announcement of the OsloAccords there were many protest demonstrations in Israel objecting to the Accords. As these protests dragged on, Rabin...
Area, expanding its claim into East Jerusalem in 1980. The mid-1990s OsloAccords split the West Bank into three regional levels of Palestinian sovereignty...
the Hebrew calendar) at 21:30, at the end of a rally in support of the OsloAccords at the Kings of Israel Square in Tel Aviv. The assailant was Yigal Amir...
called the Oslo War (מלחמת אוסלו) by some Israelis who consider it to be the result of concessions made by Israel following the OsloAccords, and Arafat's...
control over West Bank areas "A" and "B" as a consequence of the 1993–1995 OsloAccords. The Palestinian Authority controlled the Gaza Strip prior to the Palestinian...
claims to the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. In 1993, following the OsloAccords, parts of the territories politically came under the jurisdiction of...
educated in political science. She played a key role facilitating the OsloAccords in the 1990s. On 25 July 2019, Juul was elected President of the United...
decades-long military occupation of the Palestinian territories. The mid-1990s OsloAccords established the Palestinian Authority (PA) as a limited governing authority...
independence, the limited self-government accorded to the Palestinian Authority as a result of the 1993 OsloAccords, and Israel's withdrawal from Gaza as...
Sahara. The Israeli–Palestinian peace process was advanced with the OsloAccords in 1993 and 1995 but later collapsed with the start of the Second Intifada...
status of Jerusalem have varied with different Israeli governments. The OsloAccords declared that the final status of Jerusalem would be negotiated, but...
seven years until he was permitted to return under the terms of the OsloAccords in 1994. Although he was a strong supporter of the peace process he doubted...
precedent was cited by Yasser Arafat as justification for his signing the OsloAccords with Israel. The Fatah movement was founded in 1959 by members of the...