Oryza glaberrima, commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species.[1] It was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around 3,000 years ago.[2][3] In agriculture, it has largely been replaced by higher-yielding Asian rice (O. sativa),[2] and the number of varieties grown is declining.[1] It still persists, making up an estimated 20%[4] of rice grown in West Africa. It is now rarely sold in West African markets, having been replaced by Asian strains.[5]
In comparison to Asian rice, African rice is hardy, pest-resistant, low-labour, and suited to a larger variety of African conditions.[1] It is described as filling, with a distinct nutty flavour.[4] It is also grown for cultural reasons; for instance, it is sacred to followers of Awasena (a traditional African religion) among the Jola people,[6] and is a heritage variety in the United States.[7]
Crossbreeding between African and Asian rice is difficult, but there exist some crosses.[8][9][10] Jones et al. 1997 and Gridley et al. 2002 provide hybrids combining glaberrima's disease resistance and sativa's yield potential.[11]
^ abcLinares, Olga F. (2002-12-10). "African rice (Oryza glaberrima): History and future potential". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 99 (25): 16360–16365. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916360L. doi:10.1073/pnas.252604599. ISSN 1091-6490. PMC 138616. PMID 12461173.
^ abCite error: The named reference genome was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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^ abCite error: The named reference PROT4U was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Ikhioya, Sunny; Oritse, Godwin (2013-10-07). "Smuggled rice floods Nigerian market, as merchants suffer losses". Vanguard.[permanent dead link]
^Thiam, Pierre; Sit, Jennifer (2015). "Senegal: Modern Senegalese Recipes from the Source to the Bowl". A System of Rice Production, Broken. Lake Isle Press.
^Cite error: The named reference blackrice was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference india was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference cross was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^GRAIN (2009). "Nerica: another trap for small farmers in Africa" (PDF).
^
Sweeney, Megan; McCouch, Susan (2007). "The Complex History of the Domestication of Rice". Annals of Botany. 100 (5). Oxford University Press: 951–957. doi:10.1093/aob/mcm128. PMC 2759204. PMID 17617555. S2CID 14266565.
Oryzaglaberrima, commonly known as African rice, is one of the two domesticated rice species. It was first domesticated and grown in West Africa around...
Oryza is a genus of plants in the grass family. It includes the major food crop rice (species Oryza sativa and Oryzaglaberrima). Members of the genus...
Oryza sativa is the most common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being O. glaberrima, African rice. It was first domesticated...
domesticated rice, wild rice has nearly twice the dietary fibre of Oryza sativa and Oryzaglaberrima and contains around 15% protein and lipids including essential...
the Americas as part of the Columbian exchange. The now less common Oryzaglaberrima rice was independently domesticated in Africa around 3,000 years ago...
and is found in open habitats. It is the progenitor of cultivated Oryzaglaberrima, African rice. It has nodal roots hosting nitrogen fixing, photosynthetic...
Hinduism Oryzaglaberrima, also known as African red rice Oryza longistaminata, also known as red rice Oryza punctata, also known as red rice Oryza rufipogon...
future. The earliest types grown in South Carolina were the African Oryzaglaberrima and the prized "Carolina Gold," which is believed to originate in Southeast...
varieties. Also included in this list are varieties of African rice (Oryzaglaberrima) and wild rice (genus Zizania). Rice may vary in genetics, grain length...
ISBN 978-0-674-02921-7. Linares, Olga F. (2002-12-10). "African rice (Oryzaglaberrima): History and future potential". Proceedings of the National Academy...
domesticated in the Niger River region, including yams, African rice (Oryzaglaberrima), and pearl millet. The Sahara aridification may have triggered, or...
alphabetically. Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryzaglaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely...
rice. Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or, much less commonly, O. glaberrima (African rice). Asian rice was domesticated...
Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryzaglaberrima (African rice). Pictured is a mixture of brown, white, and red indica...
ground kernels or by-products obtained from the species Oryza sativa L. or Oryzaglaberrima, or wild rice, which is obtained from one of the four species...
Niger. The main agricultural crop is rice. African floating rice (Oryzaglaberrima) has traditionally been grown in regions near the river that are inundated...
savanna and woodlands Vigna unguiculata 3,700 Digitaria exilis and Oryzaglaberrima <3,000 4b) west African rainforests Dioscorea rotundata and Elaeis...
cultivating Carolina gold rice in South Carolina on Snee farm plantation. Species Oryzaglaberrima (Steud.) Origin South Carolina Lowcountry and the Sea Islands...
approximately 16% broken rice, 20% husk, 14% bran and meal. African rice, Oryzaglaberrima, has more brittle grains, and breakage is higher.[citation needed]...
between eastern Ghana and western Nigeria (northern Benin), rice (oryzaglaberrima) in the Inner Niger Delta region of Mali, pearl millet (cenchrus americanus)...
ka, two rice species are domesticated: Asian rice, Oryza sativa, and African rice Oryzaglaberrima. Development of rooted plants Flowering plants vs....
Africa", is two families of interspecific cultivars of African (Oryzaglaberrima) and Asian (Oryza sativa) rice species, that was developed to improve the yields...
between eastern Ghana and western Nigeria (northern Benin), rice (oryzaglaberrima) in the Inner Niger Delta region of Mali, pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus)...
knowledge of how to cultivate it. The two primary species used were Oryzaglaberrima and Oryza sativa, originating from West Africa and Southeast Asia, respectively...
the local customs and traditions, with ingredients like native rice (Oryzaglaberrima), rice, fonio, millet, sorghum, Bambara groundnuts and Hausa groundnuts...
meeting the growing demand for rice as a food staple. African rice Oryzaglaberrima has been cultivated for 3,500 years and is well adapted to the African...
occurred in the Sahel region c. 5000 BCE, when sorghum and African rice (Oryzaglaberrima) began to be cultivated. Around this time, and in the same region,...
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