Orthonectida (/ˌɔːrθəˈnɛktɪdə,-θoʊ-/[3]) is a small phylum of poorly known parasites of marine invertebrates[4] that are among the simplest of multi-cellular organisms. Members of this phylum are known as orthonectids.
^H. Furuya & J. van der Land (2010). "Orthonectida". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved January 12, 2011.
^"Orthonectida Giard, 1877". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved January 12, 2011.
^"Orthonectida". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 2020-03-22.
^Hanelt, B; Van Schyndel, D; Adema, C. M; Lewis, L. A; Loker, E. S (1996). "The phylogenetic position of Rhopalura ophiocomae (Orthonectida) based on 18S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 13 (9): 1187–91. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025683. PMID 8896370.
Orthonectida (/ˌɔːrθəˈnɛktɪdə, -θoʊ-/) is a small phylum of poorly known parasites of marine invertebrates that are among the simplest of multi-cellular...
relate mesozoa to a group including annelids, planarians and nemerteans. Orthonectida have a very reduced muscular and nervous system, only consisting of a...
subkingdom of three small phyla of simple animals without organs, Placozoa, Orthonectida, and Rhombozoa. They are known as "simple" though they have differentiated...
phylum Mesozoa was divided into two phyla (Orthonectida and Rhombozoa) when it was discovered the Orthonectida are probably deuterostomes and the Rhombozoa...
mesozoan group Orthonectida as the sister group to Pleistoannelida. However, a more recent 2022 analysis found a monophyletic Orthonectida+Dicyemida clade...
phylogenomic methods support monophyly of enigmatic 'Mesozoa' (Dicyemida + Orthonectida, Lophotrochozoa)". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences...
Lyubetsky, Vassily A.; Aleoshin, Vladimir V. (2019). "Dicyemida and Orthonectida: Two Stories of Body Plan Simplification". Frontiers in Genetics. 10:...
hypotheses, Lophotrochozoa may even be synonymous to Spiralia. Nemertea and Orthonectida (if not directly considered as part of Annelida) are probably lophotrochozoan...
List of bilateral animal orders contains the Bilateria of the animal subkingdom Eumetazoa, divided into four superphyla, Deuterostomia, and the three Protostome...
lilies"; Nemertinea, also known as "ribbon worms" or "proboscis worms"; Orthonectida, a small phylum of poorly known parasites of marine invertebrates that...
the adults. Mitogenomic and phylogenomic analysis also implies that Orthonectida, a group of extremely simplified parasites traditionally placed in Mesozoa...
is controversial. Traditionally, dicyemids have been grouped with the Orthonectida in the phylum Mesozoa and, from 2017, molecular evidence appears to confirm...
giardiasis. In 1877 he was the first scientist to describe the phylum Orthonectida (parasites of Ophiurida). In 1894 he introduced the term "anhydrobiosis"...
belonging to the family Rhopaluridae. It is the only species from the phylum Orthonectida which genome has been sequenced. "Intoshia linei Giard, 1877". www.gbif...
Rhopaluridae is a family of worms belonging to the phylum Orthonectida, order and class unknown. Genera: Ciliocincta Kozloff, 1965 Intoshia Giard, 1877...
genetic similarities with roundworms as well as species in the phylum Orthonectida. "Kantharellidae". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 13 May 2021. "Explore the...
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