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An orphan source is a self-contained radioactive source that is no longer under regulatory control.
The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines an orphan source more exactly as:[1]
...a sealed source of radioactive material contained in a small volume—but not radioactively contaminated soils and bulk metals—in any one or more of the following conditions
In an uncontrolled condition that requires removal to protect public health and safety from a radiological threat
Controlled or uncontrolled, but for which a responsible party cannot be readily identified
Controlled, but the material's continued security cannot be assured. If held by a licensee, the licensee has few or no options for, or is incapable of providing for, the safe disposition of the material
In the possession of a person, not licensed to possess the material, who did not seek to possess the material
In the possession of a State radiological protection program for the sole purpose of mitigating a radiological threat because the orphan source is in one of the conditions described in one of the first four bullets and for which the State does not have a means to provide for the material's appropriate disposition
Most known orphan sources were, generally, small radioactive sources produced legitimately under governmental regulation and put into service for radiography, generating electricity in radioisotope thermoelectric generators, medical radiotherapy or irradiation.[citation needed] These sources were then "abandoned, lost, misplaced or stolen" and so no longer subject to proper regulation.[2]
v t e An orphansource is a self-contained radioactive source that is no longer under regulatory control. The United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission...
This is a chronological list of orphansource incidents and accidents. Note: As incident reporting has used inconsistent units of measurement, here are...
An orphan (from the Greek: ορφανός, romanized: orphanós) is a child whose parents have died, are unknown or have permanently abandoned them. It can also...
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accident began on December 2, 2001, with the discovery of two orphan radiation sources near the Enguri Dam in Tsalenjikha District in the country of Georgia...
In typesetting, widows and orphans are single lines of text from a paragraph that dangle at the beginning or end of a block of text, or form a very short...
The Orphan Train Movement was a supervised welfare program that transported children from crowded Eastern cities of the United States to foster homes located...
Little Orphan Annie was a daily American comic strip created by Harold Gray and syndicated by the Tribune Media Services. The strip took its name from...
public was exposed to radiation from orphansources, a common factor reappeared: individuals who encountered the source were unfamiliar with the trefoil radiation...
Orphan genes, ORFans, or taxonomically restricted genes (TRGs) are genes that lack a detectable homologue outside of a given species or lineage. Most genes...
auction to a scrap metal dealer in Mayapuri on 26 February 2010. The orphansource arrived at the scrap yard in Mayapuri during March, where it was dismantled...
Strengthening the Safety of Radiation Sources Archived 2009-03-26 at the Wayback Machine p. 14. "Lost Iridium-192 Source". Retrieved 15 November 2014. The...
three, which remained orphansources. On 24 January 2000, the part of the radiation therapy unit containing the radiation source was acquired by two scrap...
List of orphansource incidents List of civilian radiation accidents Makarovska, Olga (2005). "Overview of Radiological Accidents Involving Orphan Radioactive...
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nuclear meltdown accidents List of military nuclear accidents List of orphansource incidents List of nuclear and radiation accidents and incidents List...
ensure maintenance of the software instead of abandonment or orphaning. The software's source code is released to the licensee if the licensor files for...
A social orphan is a child with no adults looking after them, even though one or more parents are still alive. Usually the parents are alcoholics, drug...
supported or sold by its owner is called abandonware, the digital form of orphaned works. If the proprietor of a software package should cease to exist, or...
because he worked outside the home and his exposure was lower. List of orphansource incidents 1984 Ciudad Juárez cobalt-60 contamination incident 1990 Clinic...
The Duplessis Orphans (French: les Orphelins de Duplessis) were a population of Canadian children wrongly certified as mentally ill by the provincial...
An orphan film is a motion picture work that has been abandoned by its owner or copyright holder. The term can also sometimes refer to any film that has...
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