Ophiorrhiza is a genus of flowering plants in the coffee family (Rubiaceae). It contains 372 species native to the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, China, Taiwan, Japan, Malesia, Papuasia, Queensland, and the South Pacific.[1] Species of the genus contain camptothecin, an alkaloid used to make chemotherapeutic agents.[2][3] Many Ophiorrhiza species are endemic to certain areas of the Western Ghats.
Species include:
Ophiorrhiza acuminata[4]
Ophiorrhiza blumeana[5]
Ophiorrhiza bracteata[5]
Ophiorrhiza cantoniensis
Ophiorrhiza carinata
Ophiorrhiza caudata[2]
Ophiorrhiza dulongensis
Ophiorrhiza filistipula
Ophiorrhiza japonica
Ophiorrhiza kuroiwai[6]
Ophiorrhiza liukiuensis[4]
Ophiorrhiza longiflora
Ophiorrhiza lurida
Ophiorrhiza major[5]
Ophiorrhiza michelloides[7][8]
Ophiorrhiza mungos
Ophiorrhiza nutans
Ophiorrhiza prostrata[9]
Ophiorrhiza pumila[4][10]
Ophiorrhiza rosea
Ophiorrhiza rugosa
Ophiorrhiza succirubra
Ophiorrhiza meenachilarensis[11][12]
^ abcOphiorrhiza L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
^ abJoseph, G. and J. P. Joseph. Rediscovery of Ophiorrhiza caudata (Rubiaceae) from the Western Ghats of Kerala. Rheedia 19 45.
^Viraporn, V., et al. (2010). Correlation of camptothecin-producing ability and phylogenetic relationship in the genus Ophiorrhiza. Planta Med. in pub.
^ abcSirikantaramas, S., et al. (2008). Mutations in topoisomerase I as a self-resistance mechanism coevolved with the production of the anticancer alkaloid camptothecin in plants. PNAS 105:18 6782.
^ abcArbain, D, et al. (1998). Unusual indole alkaloids from Ophiorrhiza blumeana Korth. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 1.
^Asano, T., et al. (2004). Camptothecin production by in vitro cultures of Ophiorrhiza liukiuensis and O. kuroiwai. Plant Biotechnology 21:4 275.
^Chu, F., et al. (2006). Taxonomic Status of Ophiorrhiza michelloides (Masam.) X. R. Lo (Rubiaceae) in Taiwan. Taiwania 51:2 143.
^Nakamura, K., et al. (2006). Phylogenetic systematics of the monotypic genus Hayataella (Rubiaceae) endemic to Taiwan. Journal of Plant Research 119:657–661.
^Beegum, A. S., et al. (2007). Organogenesis from leaf and internode explants of Ophiorrhiza prostrata, an anticancer drug (camptothecin) producing plant. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology 10:1.
^Nakamura, K., et al. (2006). Homostyly and autogamy in Ophiorrhiza pumila (Rubiaceae) in the Ryukyu Archipelago. Journal of Japanese Botany 81:113–120.
^"meenachilarensis". universityofflorence.medium.com. universityofflorence.medium.com. 30 November 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
^"Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Geography". Webbia. 75 (2). oaj.fupress.net: 231–236. 18 November 2020. doi:10.36253/jopt-8508. S2CID 230636509. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
Calycosia A.Gray Calycosiphonia Pierre ex Robbr. Campanocalyx Valeton = Ophiorrhiza L. Camptophytum Pierre ex A.Chev. = Tarenna Gaertn. Camptopus Hook.f...
Rubiaceae I NL Ophiorrhiza hispida Rubiaceae E AS, ML Ophiorrhiza incarnata Rubiaceae E KL Ophiorrhiza munnarensis Rubiaceae I KL (Idukki) Ophiorrhiza nicobarica...
(Gentianales): Polyphyly of Pomazoteae and paraphyly of Ophiorrhizeae and Ophiorrhiza". Taxon. 68 (1): 72–91. doi:10.1002/tax.12023. S2CID 146054081. v t e...
hirsutissima Lasianthus ciliatus Oldenlandia hirsutissima O. sisparensis Ophiorrhiza brunois var brunois O. pykarensis* Pavetta brunois P. hohenhackeri P...
(Gentianales): Polyphyly of Pomazoteae and paraphyly of Ophiorrhizeae and Ophiorrhiza". Taxon. 68 (1): 72–91. doi:10.1002/tax.12023. S2CID 146054081. v t e...
Rubiaceae (Gentianales): Polyphyly of Pomazoteae and paraphyly of Ophiorrhizeae and Ophiorrhiza". Taxon. 68 (1): 72–91. doi:10.1002/tax.12023. v t e...