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Operation Shader
Part of the Military intervention against ISIL in Iraq, and Syria and Foreign involvement in the Syrian Civil War
A Typhoon FGR4 flies over Iraq on 22 December 2015.
Date
9 August 2014 – present (9 years, 8 months and 4 weeks)[1]
Location
Iraq, Syria, Libya, & Lebanon[2][3]
Status
Ongoing
British airstrikes and ground support against ISIL in Iraq and Syria
Recapture of all ISIL-held territory in Iraq by 10 December 2017[4]
Complete military defeat of ISIL in Syria on 23 March 2019
Numerous ISIL leaders killed
Multiple terrorist acts committed by ISIL in London and Manchester leading to 34 deaths
Belligerents
United Kingdom
Islamic State
Commanders and leaders
Rishi Sunak
Grant Shapps
Tony Radakin
Charles Stickland
Hannah Bishop
Former
David Cameron
Theresa May
Boris Johnson
Liz Truss
Michael Fallon
Gavin Williamson
Penny Mordaunt
Ben Wallace
Amber Rudd
Sajid Javid
Priti Patel
Suella Braverman
Nick Houghton
Stuart Peach
Nick Carter
Peter Wall
Nick Carter
Mark Carleton-Smith
Lieutenant-General Mark Poffley
Lieutenant-General Nick Pope
Lieutenant-General Christopher Tickell
Glenn Haughton
Gavin Paton
George Zambellas
Philip Jones
Tony Radakin
Andrew Pulford
Stephen Hillier
Michael Wigston
Graeme Spark
Clive Martland
Jon Crossley
Jake Alpert
Abu Hafs al-Hashimi al-Qurashi (Leader of IS) Abu al-Hussein al-Husseini al-Qurashi † Abu al-Hasan al-Hashimi al-Qurashi † Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi †[5] Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi †[6] Abu Alaa Afri †[7] Abu Suleiman al-Naser † Abu Ali al-Anbari † Abu Omar al-Shishani †
Units involved
Royal Air Force British Army Royal Navy
Military of ISIL
Strength
See Deployed forces
9,000–18,000 (U.S. intelligence estimate, January 2015)[8]
20,000–31,500 (CIA estimate, September 2014)[9] * 850 British jihadists[10]
Foreign intervention on behalf of Syrian Arab Republic
Russian involvement
2015 military intervention
Iranian intervention
2017 missile strike
Iran–Israel conflict
2012 Hezbollah involvement
Foreign intervention in behalf of Syrian rebels
Foreign rebel fighters
Turkish involvement
Turkey–Islamic State conflict
Tomb of Suleyman Shah relocation
Euphrates Shield
2017 airstrikes
Idlib Governorate operation
Afrin operation
2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria
Israel's role
U.S.-led intervention against ISIL
U.S.-led Intervention
Timeline
List of attacks
2014 rescue operation
May 2015 raid
2017 missile strikes
Qatari involvement
Jordanian intervention
Operation Martyr Muath
Lebanon's role
Saudi involvement
April 2018 missile strikes
Dutch involvement
German intervention
French intervention
Australian intervention
UK intervention
Operation Shader is the operational code name given to the contribution of the United Kingdom in the ongoing military intervention against the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. The operation involves the British Army providing ground support and training to allied forces fighting against ISIL, the Royal Air Force providing humanitarian aid airdrops, reconnaissance and airstrikes, and the Royal Navy providing reconnaissance and airstrikes from the UK Carrier Strike group and escort to allied carrier battle groups.[19]
Additionally, UK Special Forces have reportedly operated in Iraq, Syria and Libya.[20]
By January 2019, the Ministry of Defence stated that 1,700 British airstrikes had killed or injured 4,315 enemy fighters in Iraq and Syria, with one civilian casualty.[21] The RAF had also delivered £230 million worth of humanitarian aid.[22] Overall, the operation had resulted in a net cost of £1.75 billion.[23] The number of airstrikes carried out in Iraq and Syria has been second only to the United States, with a report that the Royal Air Force has conducted 20 per cent of all airstrikes.[24][25] The operation is the most intense flying mission the RAF has undertaken in 25 years.[26]
^"Six Years of Operation Shader". Royal Air Force. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
^"Op Shader – A Year On". Ministry of Defence. 26 September 2015. Archived from the original on 27 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
^Cite error: The named reference RAFLibya was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Islamic State completely 'evicted' from Iraq, Iraqi PM says". The Age. 10 December 2017.
^"ISIS leader al-Qurayshi dies in suicide blast alongside six children in US raid". LBC. 3 February 2022.
^"Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi: IS leader 'killed in US operation' in Syria". BBC News. 27 October 2019.
^Engel, Pamela (23 April 2015). "Report: A former physics teacher favored by Osama bin Laden is now leading ISIS". Business Insider. Retrieved 29 April 2015.
^Barbara Starr, U.S. officials say 6,000 ISIS fighters killed in battles, CNN (22 January 2015).
^CIA says IS numbers underestimated, Al Jazeera (12 September 2014).
^"Who are Britain's jihadists?". BBC News. 12 October 2017.
^"L/Cpl Scott Hetherington: UK soldier died 'in shooting accident'". BBC News. 3 January 2017.
^"British soldier Sgt Matt Tonroe 'killed by American friendly fire'". BBC. 28 July 2019. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
^"Iraq: British soldier and two US troops killed in 'deplorable' rocket attack on base". Sky News. 12 March 2020.
^"Two British special forces soldiers injured by Isis in Syria". The Guardian. 6 January 2019.
^"Briton Anna Campbell killed fighting with Kurdish YPJ unit". BBC News. 19 March 2018.
^"Jihadi John's victims: who were they?". The Telegraph. 13 November 2015.
^"John Cantlie: plea for release of British Isis hostage five years after kidnap". The Guardian. Agence France-Presse. 23 November 2017.
^"RAF killed '4,000 fighters in Iraq and Syria'". BBC News. 7 March 2019.
^Cite error: The named reference hmsdefender was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference SFTunisia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"RAF killed '4,000 enemies in Iraq, Syria'". BBC News. 7 March 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^"Iraq crisis: UK humanitarian response factsheet". GOV.UK. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
^Cole, Chris. "Cost of UK Air and Drone Strikes in Iraq and Syria Reach £1.75 Billion." Drone Wars UK. 2 February 2019. Accessed 8 March 2019. https://dronewars.net/2018/02/26/cost-of-uk-air-and-drone-strikes-in-iraq-and-syria-reach-1-75-billion/.
^Cite error: The named reference forces.net was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference UKTrainingTroops was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"PM Tells UK Armed Forces They Are The 'Finest In The World' At The Millies". Forces News. 15 December 2015. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
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