International military operation to protect Red Sea shipping
Operation Prosperity Guardian
Part of the Red Sea crisis and the Yemeni civil war
Date
18 December 2023 – present (4 months, 1 week and 3 days)
Location
Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Yemen
Status
Ongoing
Belligerents
Yemen (SPC)
Yemeni Navy (SPC faction)
Houthis
United States Navy[1] Royal Navy Royal Australian Navy Royal Bahrain Naval Force Royal Canadian Navy Royal Danish Navy Finnish Navy Hellenic Navy Royal Netherlands Navy Royal New Zealand Navy[2] Royal Norwegian Navy Republic of Singapore Navy Sri Lanka Navy[3] Supported by: Seychelles Coast Guard
Commanders and leaders
Joe Biden
Lloyd Austin
Rishi Sunak[4]
Grant Shapps[5]
Strength
Unclear (see Houthi armed strength)
Unknown
Casualties and losses
10 deaths, 2 injured[6]
Unknown
v
t
e
Israel–Hamas war
Timeline
Outline
Engagements
Hamas-led attack on Israel
Israeli female tank crew fight
Re'im
Sderot
Sufa
Israel–Hezbollah conflict
Timeline
Israeli invasion of Gaza
Beit Hanoun
Gaza City
Jabalia
Khan Yunis
Shuja'iyya
Shuja'iyya ambush
Hamad
Rafah offensive
Israeli incursions in the West Bank
Hamas-led attack on Israel
Re'im music festival
Killing of Shani Louk
Netiv HaAsara
Alumim
Be'eri
Holit
Kfar Aza
Kissufim
Nahal Oz
Nir Oz
Nir Yitzhak
Nirim
Zikim
Israeli response
Bombing of the Gaza Strip
Refugee camps
Jabalia
31 October
Al-Fakhoora school
Al-Shati
Al-Maghazi
Schools
Al-Maghazi
Al-Falah
Palestinians evacuating Gaza
Health facilities
Al-Ahli Arab Hospital
Al-Shifa Hospital
Ambulance
Nasser Hospital siege
Church of Saint Porphyrius
Sabra mosque
Flour massacre
Attack on journalists in Lebanon
Friendly fire
IDF killing of hostages in Shuja'iyya
Other minor theaters
Red Sea crisis
Operation Prosperity Guardian
Attacks on the MV Maersk Hangzhou
Operation Poseidon Archer
Marlin Luanda missile strike
Operation Aspides
Sinking of the MV Rubymar
Attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq, Syria, and Jordan
Iranian airstrikes in Iraq and Syria
Tower 22 drone attack
Assassination of Saleh al-Arouri
See also
Gaza humanitarian crisis
Healthcare collapse
Children
Premature babies
Famine
Hostage crisis
Prisoner exchange
Israeli blockade of Gaza
War crimes
Torture
Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel
Wider regional conflict
2023 ceasefire
Calls for a ceasefire
Antisemitism
Anti-Palestinianism
Mass detentions
Misinformation
Protests
South Africa v. Israel
Qatar and the Israel–Hamas war
AI-assisted targeting
Gaza Strip mass graves
v
t
e
Yemeni crisis
Revolution (2011–12)
Saada
Sana'a
Taiz
Dammaj
Ansar al-Shariah campaign (2011–14)
Zinjibar
Dofas
Abyan
2012 Sana'a
Radda
Nov 2013 Sanaa
Dec 2013 Sana'a
Rescue operations
Houthi rebellion (2014)
2nd Dammaj
Amran
Civil war (2014–present)
2nd Battle of Sana'a
Rada'a [ar]
Houthi takeover
1st Shabwah
Saudi-led intervention
Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict
Taiz
Marib governorate
Marib city
Dhale
Aden
airport
2015
2018
2019
Abyan
2015 campaign
2016 southern offensive
Lahij
2015 Shabwah
2015 Mukalla
Zinjibar and Jaar
Nihm
Port Midi
Hadramaut
Al Masini
Battle of Mukalla
June 2016 Mukalla
2017 Battle of Sana'a
Al Hudaydah
Al Hudaydah city
Masini
Takeover of Socotra
Victory from God
Jabara
Al-Jawf offensive
Al Bayda offensive
2022 Southern Yemen
Operation Prosperity Guardian
Bombings and terrorist attacks in Yemen
Radda
Ibb
Jan 2015 Sana'a
Mar 2015 Sana'a
Sep 2015 Sana'a
Oct 2015 Aden
Dec 2015 Aden
4 Mar 2016 Aden
25 Mar 2016 Aden
May 2016 Mukalla
May 2016 Aden
Aug 2016 Aden
Dec 2016 Aden
Mar 2022 Aden
Mar 2024 al-Bayda
Houthi missile and drone attacks in Yemen
2015 Marib
2015 Taiz
2016 al-Anad
2019 al-Anad
Aug 2019 Aden
Jan 2020 Marib
Aug 2020 Marib
Dec 2020 Aden airport
US–Saudi arms deal
Peace process
Saudi-led intervention (2015–present)
Saudi Arabian airstrikes on Yemen
Mokha
Sana'a
Hajjah
Dahyan
Dhamar
Saada
Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia
2018 Riyadh
Abha Airport
Abqaiq–Khurais
2020 Riyadh
Houthi attacks on the United Arab Emirates
2022 Abu Dhabi
U.S. raids on al-Qaeda
Yakla
Hathla
Red Sea crisis (2024–present)
Timeline
Attacks
Attacks on the MV Maersk Hangzhou
2023 attack on the Chem Pluto
Marlin Luanda missile strike
Sinking of the MV Rubymar
Military operations
Operation Prosperity Guardian
Operation Aspides
Operation Poseidon Archer
Diplomacy
United Nations Security Council Resolution 2722
Effects
Environmental impact
Humanitarian crisis
Blockade
Disease outbreaks
Cholera
COVID-19
Famine
Locust infestation
Refugees on Jeju Island
War crimes and human rights violations
v
t
e
Spillover of the Israel–Hamas war
Timeline
Lebanon
Israel-Hezbollah (Timeline)
Attacks on journalists
Dahieh attack
Iran, Iraq and Syria
Attacks on U.S. bases
Tower 22 drone attack
February 2024 US Airstrikes
Eastern Syria airstrikes
Sayyed Razi Mousavi assassination
2024 Erbil attack
Assassination of Sadegh Omidzadeh
2024 Homs airstrikes
Iranian consulate airstrike
2024 Iranian strikes in Israel
Yemen and the Red Sea
Red Sea crisis
Attacks on the MV Maersk Hangzhou
Galaxy Leader hijacking
Attack on the Chem Pluto
Marlin Luanda missile strike
Operation Prosperity Guardian (Combined Task Force 153)
2024 missile strikes
Deaths
Alim Abdallah
Issam Abdallah
Saleh al-Arouri
Ali Hussein Barji
Razi Mousavi
Wissam al-Tawil
Sadegh Omidzadeh
Mushtaq Talib Al-Saeedi
Mohammad Reza Zahedi
Related topics
Iran–Israel proxy conflict
Hezbollah–Israel conflict
Bab-el-Mandeb transits by cargo vessels over 10,000 deadweight tonnage (approx.)[7]
Before attacks
After first Houthi ship seizure/attack (19 November 2023)
After naval protection operation started (18 December 2023)
After US/UK attack on Yemen mainland (12 January 2024)
100
200
300
400
500
600
45 Week in 2023
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
1 Week in 2024
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Operation Prosperity Guardian is a United States-led military operation by a multinational coalition formed in December 2023 to respond to Houthi-led attacks on shipping in the Red Sea.[8]
Following the breakout of the ongoing Israel–Hamas war in October 2023, the Houthi movement in Yemen blockaded Israel in the Red Sea and launched a series of attacks against commercial vessels heading or related to Israel, with the stated purpose of preventing the bombing of Gaza and forcing Israel to let food and medicine into the strip.[9][10][11] On 18 December 2023, U.S. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin announced the formation of an international maritime security force aimed at ending the blockade[12] and countering threats by Houthi forces against international maritime commerce in the region.[13]
The coalition currently has more than 20 members, of which ten are anonymously involved.[14][15] Egypt and Saudi Arabia, both economically reliant on unhindered commercial shipping in the area, are absent from the listed participants.[16] France, Italy and Spain have also declined to participate.[17] The chairman of the Suez Canal Authority, Usama Rabia, claimed that "navigation traffic in the Suez Canal was not affected by what is happening in the Red Sea".[18] Nevertheless, on 10 January, the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) adopted a resolution demanding a cessation of Houthi attacks on merchant vessels.[19]
The day of the UNSC resolution, the Houthis launched their largest-ever barrage of 18–24 attack drones and missiles at international ships and warships in the Red Sea.[20][21] In response, on 12 January, the coalition launched its first airstrikes against Houthi targets in Yemen, to which the Houthis have pledged to retaliate.[22]
^"Statement from Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III on Ensuring Freedom of Navigation in the Red Sea". U.S. Department of Defense. Archived from the original on 18 December 2023. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
^"NZ to deploy six NZDF staff to Red Sea, PM announces". 1 News. 23 January 2024. Retrieved 25 January 2024.
^Mallawarachi, Bharatha (9 January 2024). "Sri Lanka to join US-led naval operations against Houthi rebels in Red Sea". ABC News. Archived from the original on 10 January 2024. Retrieved 10 January 2024.
^Wickham, Alex; McBride, Courtney (11 January 2024). "UK's Sunak Authorizes Joint Military Strikes Against Houthis". Bloomberg. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
^Cite error: The named reference Diamond was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"US sinks 3 ships, kills 10 after Houthi Red Sea attack". Reuters. 31 December 2023. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
^Diakun, Bridget; Meade, Richard (19 January 2024). "Red Sea shipping is now divided down lines of risk appetite and national security". Lloyd's List Intelligence. Archived from the original on 6 February 2024. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
^Zhdannikov, Dmitry; Armstrong, Rachel (22 December 2023). "What is U.S.-led Red Sea coalition and which countries are backing it?". Reuters. Archived from the original on 25 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
^Chen, Heather; Michaelis, Tamar (10 December 2023). "Israel ready to act against Houthi rebels if international community fails to, official says". CNN. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023.
^Copp, Tara; Baldor, Lolita C. (19 December 2023). "Pentagon announces new international mission to counter attacks on commercial vessels in Red Sea". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
^Michael Callahan; Haley Britzkey (18 December 2023). "Austin announces US-led security operation focusing on Red Sea, Gulf of Aden after Houthi attacks on commercial shipping". CNN. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
^Johnson, Jake (23 December 2023). "Biden Urged Not to Attack Yemen Over Houthi Blockade of Israel in Red Sea". Truthout. Archived from the original on 23 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
^"Yemen's Houthis warn they will target all ships headed to Israel". Reuters. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023. A Houthi military spokesperson said all ships sailing to Israeli ports are banned from the Red Sea and the Arabian Sea."If Gaza does not receive the food and medicine it needs, all ships in the Red Sea bound for Israeli ports, regardless of their nationality, will become a target for our armed forces," the spokesperson said in a statement.
^Altman, Howard (19 December 2023). "Red Sea Maritime Coalition Much Bigger Than Originally Disclosed". The Drive. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
^"More than 20 countries join coalition to protect Red Sea shipping, says Pentagon". The Times of Israel. 21 December 2023. Archived from the original on 22 December 2023. Retrieved 22 December 2023.
^Sabbagh, Dan (19 December 2023). "US announces naval coalition to defend Red Sea shipping from Houthi attacks". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 19 December 2023. Retrieved 19 December 2023.
^Amante, Angelo; Irish, John; Landauro, Inti; Bose, Nandita (12 January 2024). "Europe split over US, UK strikes on Houthis in Yemen". Reuters. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
^"أسامة ربيع: حركة الملاحة في قناة السويس لم تتأثر بما يحدث في البحر الأحمر". مصراوي.كوم (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 18 December 2023. Retrieved 23 December 2023.
^"Adopting Resolution 2722 (2024) by Recorded Vote, Security Council Demands Houthis Immediately Stop Attacks on Merchant, Commercial Vessels in Red Sea | UN Press". press.un.org. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
^"What is Operation Prosperity Guardian, US-led mission to protect Red Sea shipping?". The Independent. 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
^Tegler, Eric. "Destroyers Shot Down 24 Houthi Missiles And Drones: That'll Be $17 Million". Forbes. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
^"Houthi rebels vow fierce retaliation after American and British strikes against them". AP News. 12 January 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2024.
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War II in Gaza". The Guardian. Retrieved 21 March 2024. "The Guardian view on famine in Gaza: a human-made catastrophe". The Guardian. Retrieved 22 March...
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Global Information
United States Navy[1]
Royal Navy
Royal Australian Navy
Royal Bahrain Naval Force
Royal Canadian Navy
Royal Danish Navy
Finnish Navy
Hellenic Navy
Royal Netherlands Navy
Royal New Zealand Navy[2]
Royal Norwegian Navy
Republic of Singapore Navy
Sri Lanka Navy[3]
Seychelles Coast Guard
Unclear (see Houthi armed strength)
