This article is about the mineral. For the New York hip hop group, see Onyx (hip hop group). For other uses, see Onyx (disambiguation).
Onyx
General
Category
Chalcedony variety (silicate minerals)
Formula (repeating unit)
SiO2 (silicon dioxide)
Crystal system
Trigonal
Identification
Formula mass
60 g/mol
Color
Various
Cleavage
None
Fracture
Uneven, conchoidal
Mohs scale hardness
6.5–7
Luster
Vitreous, silky
Streak
White
Diaphaneity
Translucent
Specific gravity
2.55–2.70
Optical properties
Uniaxial/+
Refractive index
1.530–1.543
References
[1][2]
Onyx is the parallel-banded variety of chalcedony, a silicate mineral. Agate and onyx are both varieties of layered chalcedony that differ only in the form of the bands; agate has curved bands while onyx has parallel bands. The colors of its bands range from black to almost every color. Specimens of onyx commonly contain bands of black and/or white.[1] Onyx, as a descriptive term, has also been applied to parallel-banded varieties of alabaster, marble, calcite, obsidian, and opal, and misleadingly to materials with contorted banding, such as "cave onyx" and "Mexican onyx".[1][3][4]
^ abcOnyx, Mindat.org, retrieved 2015-08-22
^"Onyx". gemdat.org. Retrieved 2015-08-22.
^Manutchehr-Danai, Mohsen (2013). Dictionary of Gems and Gemology. New York: Springer. pp. 340–341. ISBN 9783662042885.
^Schumann, Walter (2009). Gemstones of the World. New York: Sterling. p. 158. ISBN 9781402768293.
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