1990 land dispute between a group of Mohawk people and the town of Oka, Quebec, Canada
Oka Crisis Kanesatake Resistance
Date
July 11 – September 26, 1990 (2 months, 2 weeks and 1 day)
Location
Oka, Quebec
Result
See aftermath
End of Mohawk blockade
Federal government purchased the Pines from Municipality of Oka to prevent further development.[1]
Belligerents
Quebec
Mohawk
Commanders and leaders
John de Chastelain
Ellen Gabriel
Units involved
Canadian Armed Forces
Royal 22e Régiment
Royal Canadian Mounted Police Sûreté du Québec
Warrior Society
Local and non-local sympathizers
Strength
Force Mobile Command:
4,500 soldiers
more than 1,000 vehicles[2]
RCMP:
Small number positioned at various barricades and patrols
Sûreté du Québec:
10–100 Special operatives
2,000 regular police
Dozens of vehicles
Non-local activists:
more than 2,500 activists/warriors[3]
Local activists:
75–600 armed warriors (at various times; including non-locals)
Dozens of unarmed local activists
Casualties and losses
1 killed[4]
30 wounded[5][6]
1 killed[7]
75 wounded[2]
The Oka Crisis (French: Crise d'Oka),[8][9][10] also known as the Kanehsatà:ke Resistance (French: Résistance de Kanehsatà:ke),[1][11][12] was a land dispute between a group of Mohawk people and the town of Oka, Quebec, Canada, which began on July 11, 1990, and lasted 78 days until September 26, with two fatalities. The dispute was the first well-publicized violent conflict between First Nations and provincial governments in the late 20th century.[13]
^ abMarshall 2013a
^ ab"Oka Crisis, 1990". Warrior Publications. June 11, 2014.
^Obomsawin 1993
^Cite error: The named reference Hamilton was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference prezi.com was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^La Crise d'Oka – 11 juillet 1990. YouTube. November 22, 2013. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021.
^Bennett, Miller & Vandal 2020a
^Campbell 2010a
^"Resisting, reclaiming and reconnecting to culture". CBC Unreserved. CBC. May 15, 2016. Retrieved March 20, 2017.
^Barrett 2015, p. 165
^Baird 2020a
^Ladner & Simpson 2010
^"Oka Crisis (Kanesatake Resistance) | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved November 10, 2022.
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personnel since the Korean War. The OkaCrisis was a land dispute between a group of Mohawk people and the town of Oka in southern Quebec, which began on...
protection and Water protection Burnt Church Crisis Caledonia land dispute Clayoquot protests Keystone Pipeline OkaCrisis Old-growth logging protests Trans Mountain...
semi-autobiographical story written and directed by Tracey Deer (Mohawk) about the OkaCrisis at Kanesatake, Quebec. Alexis has said that being on the set of Beans...
Carla Slovinsky 2003 Another Country Jane Crowe 2006 Indian Summer: The OkaCrisis Deborah 'Chicky' Etienne 2007 Rabbit Fall Gabrielle 2008 New Amsterdam...
Pyramid (Victoria, BC Heavy snowfall (1m) 1996) Operation Salon (OkaCrisis in Oka, Quebec) CAF Operation Unique (1989–1991 Protection of CFB Goose Bay...
protection and Water protection Burnt Church Crisis Caledonia land dispute Clayoquot protests Keystone Pipeline OkaCrisis Old-growth logging protests Trans Mountain...
film directed by Mohawk filmmaker Tracey Deer, telling the story of the OkaCrisis, which Deer experienced herself as a child, through the story of Tekehentahkhwa...
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