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Ohalo II information


Ohalo II
LocationLevant
Coordinates32°43′20″N 35°34′20″E / 32.722093°N 35.572143°E / 32.722093; 35.572143
TypePaleolithic archaeological site
Site notes
Excavation dates1989

Ohalo II is an archaeological site in Northern Israel, near Kinneret, on the southwest shore of the Sea of Galilee. It is one of the best preserved hunter-gatherer archaeological sites of the Last Glacial Maximum, radiocarbon dated to around 23,000 BP (calibrated).[1] It is at the junction of the Upper Paleolithic and the Epipaleolithic, and has been attributed to both periods.[2] The site is significant for two findings which are the world's oldest: the earliest brushwood dwellings and evidence for the earliest small-scale plant cultivation, some 11,000 years before the onset of agriculture. The numerous fruit and cereal grain remains preserved in anaerobic conditions under silt and water are also exceedingly rare due to their general quick decomposition.

  1. ^ Mithen, Steven (2006). After the ice : a global human history, 20.000–5.000 BC (1. paperback ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Univ. Press. pp. 517. ISBN 0-674-01570-3.
  2. ^ Enzel, Yehouda; Bar-Yosef, Ofer (2017). Quaternary of the Levant. Cambridge University Press. p. 335. ISBN 9781107090460.

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Ohalo II

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Ohalo II is an archaeological site in Northern Israel, near Kinneret, on the southwest shore of the Sea of Galilee. It is one of the best preserved hunter-gatherer...

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Barley

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consumption of wild barley, Hordeum spontaneum, comes from the Epipaleolithic at Ohalo II at the southern end of the Sea of Galilee, where grinding stones with traces...

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Epipalaeolithic Near East

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at the site of Ohalo II, a 23,000-year-old fisher-hunter-gatherers’ camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, Northern Israel. The Ohalo site is dated at...

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Natufian culture

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known intensive usage of plants was in the Levant 23,000 years ago at the Ohalo II site. Anthropologist C. Loring Brace (1993) cross-analysed the craniometric...

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Twine

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in a few places: Georgia's Dzudzuana Cave (30,000 years old), Israel's Ohalo II site (19,000 years old), and France's Lascaux Cave (17,000 years old)....

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Neolithic Revolution

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runoff flowed." Use-wear analysis of five glossed flint blades found at Ohalo II, a 23,000-years-old fisher-hunter-gatherers' camp on the shore of the Sea...

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Emmer

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of years before its domestication. Grains of wild emmer discovered at Ohalo II had a radiocarbon dating of 17,000 BC and at the Pre-Pottery Neolithic...

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History of agriculture

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small-scale cultivation of edible grasses is from around 21,000 BC with the Ohalo II people on the shores of the Sea of Galilee. By around 9500 BC, the eight...

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11th millennium BC

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stands. Harvesting near-ripe semi-green wild grains at the 23,000 year old Ohalo II site using the traditional qualitative usewear approach fits well with...

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Domestication

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small-scale trial cultivation of cereals began some 28,000 years ago at the Ohalo II site in Israel. In the Fertile Crescent 11,000–10,000 years ago, zooarchaeology...

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Weed

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researchers have found evidence of "proto-weeds" behaving in similar ways at Ohalo II, a 23,000-year-old archeological site in Israel. The idea of "weeds" as...

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Founder crops

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Asia as long as 50,000 years ago at Kebara Cave, and 23,000 years ago at Ohalo II. At Gilgal I, a Pre-Pottery Neolithic A site in Israel dated to c. 11,700–10...

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Bedding

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discovered examples of bedding are remnants found in a Paleolithic structure at Ohalo II, Israel. Dating back 23,000 years, these remnants consist of partially...

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Millstone

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practiced at the end of the Upper Palaeolithic (Franchthi) or the Kebarian (Ohalo II, 19,000 BC). As tools improved, the material was increasingly finely ground...

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Cereal

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early Neolithic. Cereal grains 19,000 years old have been found at the Ohalo II site in Israel, with charred remnants of wild wheat and barley. During...

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Khiamian culture

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been experimenting with wild grain processing by around 19,000 BCE at Ohalo II. The Khiamian material culture was succeeded by the Mureybetian in the...

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Prehistory

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c. 23,000 BP / 21,000 BCE – Small-scale trial cultivation of plants in Ohalo II, a hunter-gatherers' sedentary camp on the shore of the Sea of Galilee...

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Gardening

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timeline describing plant domestication, there is now evidence from the Ohalo II hunter-gatherer site showing earlier signs of disturbing the soil and cultivation...

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Piptatherum holciforme

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"Plant-food preparation area on an Upper Paleolithic brush hut floor at Ohalo II, Israel", Journal of Archaeological Science, 35 (8): 2400–2414, Bibcode:2008JArSc...

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Mordechai Kislev

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Plant-food preparation area on an Upper Paleolithic brush hut floor at Ohalo II, Israel. Journal of Archaeological Science 35: 2400–2414. Alperson-Afil...

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Origins of agriculture in West Asia

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experimentation in several regions. For the Early Epipaleolithic, the Ohalo II site, circa 21,000 BC, is the only one to provide data. It attests to the...

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Biophilic design

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“Biophilia II - Quantitative.” WELL Building Standard, International WELL Building Institute, 2017, standard.wellcertified.com/mind/biophilia-ii-quantitative...

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Baruch Arensburg

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Hershkovitz I., Edelson G., Spiers M., Arensburg B., Nadel D. and Levi B. 1993 Ohalo II man - Unusual findings in the anterior rib cage and shoulder girdle of...

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Detailed logarithmic timeline

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the Levant. Khoisanid migrate to Central Africa. Remains of mud huts in Ohalo, by the Sea of Galilee. Pottery sherds in Xianren Cave. Reprted date of...

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Israeli settlement

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include Herzog College in Alon Shvut and Orot Israel College in Elkana. Ohalo College is located in Katzrin, in the Golan Heights. Curricula at these...

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List of archaeological sites in Israel and Palestine

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the Amud Cave, Israel". Paléorient. 14 (2, COLLOQUE PRÉHISTOIRE DU LEVANT II, Processus des changements culturels (1re partie)). Paléorient and CNRS Editions:...

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