This article is about the Russian special police force. For the Belarusian special police force, see OMON (Belarus).
Special Purpose Mobile Unit
Отряд мобильный особого назначения
Patch of OMON
Active
5 May 1919; 105 years ago (1919-05-05)
Country
Soviet Union (originally)
Russia
Agency
National Guard of Russia
Type
Gendarmerie
Common name
Omonovtsy, "Black Berets"
Abbreviation
OMOH/ОMON
Structure
Officers
c. 20,000 (in Russia)
Notables
Significant operation(s)
January 1991 events in Lithuania
January 1991 events in Latvia
Lithuanian border attacks
First Nagorno-Karabakh War
Georgian Civil War
Tajikistan Civil War
East Prigorodny Conflict
1993 Russian constitutional crisis
First Chechen War
Second Chechen War
Anniversaries
3 October (OMON Day/День ОМОН)
OMON[1] is a system of special police units within the National Guard of Russia. It previously operated within the structures of the Soviet and Russian Ministries of Internal Affairs (MVD). Originating as the special forces unit of the Soviet Militsiya in 1988, it has played major roles in several armed conflicts during and following the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
OMON is much larger and better known than SOBR, another special-police branch of the National Guard of Russia. In modern contexts, OMON serves as a riot police group, or as a gendarmerie-like paramilitary force. OMON units also exist in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and other post-Soviet states. However, some post-Soviet units have changed names and acronyms. Russian-speakers commonly refer to OMON officers as omonovtsy (Russian: омоновцы; singular: omonovyets – Russian: омоновец).
On 5 April 2016 OMON became part of the newly-established National Guard of Russia, ending its years as part of the MVD.[2]: 20
The MVD continues to operate the Police of Russia.[3]
^Russian: ОМОН – отряд мобильный особого назначения, romanized: OMON - otryad mobilnyy osobogo naznacheniya, lit. 'Special Purposes Mobile Unit (SPMU)', pronounced[ɐˈtrʲætməˈbʲilʲnɨjɐˈsobɐvənɐznəˈt͡ɕʲɛnɪjə], previously Russian: отряд милиции особого назначения, romanized: otryad militsii osobogo naznacheniya, lit. 'Special Purposes Unit of the Militia'
^
Sliwa, Zdzislaw (2018). The Russian National Guard: A Warning or a Message?(PDF). Centre for Security and Strategic Research. p. 20. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
^
МВД России – "Сегодня от работы МВД зависят многие аспекты повседневной жизни граждан. Органы внутренних дел занимаются обеспечением порядка на улицах, предотвращением и раскрытием преступлений, защитой и охраной частной собственности, государственных и коммерческих объектов. Подразделения МВД борются за безопасность на дорогах страны, обеспечивают проведение массовых мероприятий, днем и ночью приходят на помощь гражданам в чрезвычайных ситуациях. От министра до участкового Министерство внутренних дел – на страже интересов гражданина, закона и общества."
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Global Information
National Guard of Russia
